最新20xx中央電大現(xiàn)代管理學(xué)考試小抄-資料下載頁
2025-02-10 01:47本頁面
【導(dǎo)讀】組織依據(jù)所擁有的權(quán)力,通過一系列。的職能活動,對人力、物力、財力及其。他資源進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)或處理。答:1)管理階層興起,管理成為政治統(tǒng)。治的手段2)管理內(nèi)容趨于復(fù)雜,管理。權(quán)力開始分化3)管理制度產(chǎn)生,但在。管理中的作用受到限制4)管理思想。提出，但經(jīng)驗管理仍占主導(dǎo)地位。段，主要內(nèi)容有:按人的自然屬性和各。成員的特殊興趣與能力進(jìn)行分工,即。簡單的自然勞動分工思想2)特點有:. 然出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象,隨著這種思想主體的。程度、社會時間深入程度及廣泛程度。`斯密對管理理論的貢。答:1)亞當(dāng)`斯密在1776年出版的<<國。提高生產(chǎn)效率,亞當(dāng)`斯密認(rèn)為有三個。行為與工作、工作環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系出。以不同程度的結(jié)合而形成的一種領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。對事物進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析的思想及研究成。制度,目的是要培育雇員長遠(yuǎn)和相互。致質(zhì)變,最終改變決策,而又不至于引。即所有投票權(quán)的決策方案投贊成票,決策成員在形式上享有平等的決策權(quán)。需要資格條件以及工作難以程度
【正文】 中心對各種不同的意見進(jìn)行綜合，集思廣益，作出比較科學(xué)的選擇。 118．論述程序控制應(yīng)遵循的原則？答： 1）將程序視為一個系統(tǒng) 2）將程序減至最少 3）保證程序的計劃性 4）要關(guān)注程序運行所需要的費用 5）控制程序的運行 6）使程序具有權(quán)威性。 119．如何實現(xiàn)有效的預(yù)算控制答： 1）高層管理部門的支持 2） 所有管理者的參與 3）制定相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 4）重視信息反饋。 120．論述管理信息系統(tǒng)的實施？答：預(yù)調(diào)試，培訓(xùn)，用戶參與，安全性檢查，定期評審。 121．論述等距抽樣？答：又稱系統(tǒng)抽樣，是指對研究的總體按一定順序排列，每隔一定的間隔抽區(qū)一個單位，并把這些抽區(qū)的單位組成樣本進(jìn)行觀察用以推斷總體的一種方法。 122．論述問卷設(shè)計中的常見問題及其處理方法？答： 1）概念過于抽象的問題 2）誘導(dǎo)性問題 3）問題與答案不協(xié)調(diào)。釋疑法，假定法，轉(zhuǎn)移法 A boxer that only has front legs refuses to let his disability hold him back as he charges across a beach with his fourlegged 師犬不愿讓殘疾成為前進(jìn)的障礙，他同其他四條腿的伙伴們一同在海灘上盡情狂奔。 In an adorable video showing his first trip to the beach, Duncan Lou Who can been seen excitedly galloping along the sand and paddling in the 愛的視頻展現(xiàn)了名叫 Duncan Lou Who的狗第一次來到海邊的場景，他興奮地在沙灘上飛奔、或是趟水嬉戲。 His exciting day trip was filmed by Panda Paws Rescue, a Washington statebased charity that cares for Duncan and other dogs with special 華盛頓州的慈善組織 Panda Paws Rescue拍攝，該組織專門照料 Duncan 以及其他有特殊需求的狗。 Despite only having front limbs, the boxer is able to not only balance, but also run really fast and play with the other dogs that joined him for the ， Duncan 不僅能讓自己保持平衡，還能快速奔跑，和其余同他一起遠(yuǎn)足的狗 狗玩耍。 He was born with deformed back legs, which were later removed to make the dog more fortable. Duncan 出生時，它的后肢就是畸形的，此后為了讓他舒服些 ,只能進(jìn)行截肢。 His owners, who posted the video on YouTube, said he has a wheelchair but doesn39。t like to use YouTube 上，他們說有一把供 Duncan 使用的輪椅，但是他 并不愛用。 39。We let him be free and just walk on his two legs. There is some slow motion in this video, but none of the video has been sped up, this gives you an idea of how fast Duncan really it,39。 his owners said. “我們讓他自由地用兩條腿行走。視頻中有些特意制作的慢鏡頭，但是沒有任何一處做過加速處理，你們可以 通過視頻感受到 Duncan跑得有多快。 ”主人們說。 The thrill of running through the surf was clear to see, as Duncan raced people and dogs across the sand, with his tail wagging excitedly. Duncan 踏著浪花，在沙灘上同其他人及狗賽跑，還興奮地?fù)u著尾巴，他的喜悅之情顯而易見。 Duncan39。s owners have described him as a 39。trooper39。, adding on charity39。s Facebook page: 39。He39。s happy, healthy and as far as he knows, normal too.39。 主 人 們 用 “騎兵 ”一 詞 來 形 容Duncan，他們在組織的 Facebook中寫道：“他很快樂，也很健康；而且在他自己看來，他是條正常的狗。 ”39。It would be the best if he had four legs, of course, but his body wasn39。t built to have back legs and that39。s OK. He and we have just adapted.39。 “他如果能有四條腿當(dāng)然最好，但是他天生就失去了后肢，這也沒什么關(guān)系，無論是他還是我們都已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了這一點。 ” I39。m thankful to PSG for giving me the opportunity to continue but I feel now is the right time to finish my career, playing at the highest level. If you had told me as a young boy I would have played for and won trophies with my boyhood club Manchester United, proudly captained and played for my country over one hundred times and lined up for some of the biggest clubs in the world, I would have told you it was a fantasy. I39。m fortunate to have realised those this day, one of my proudest achievements is captaining my country. I knew every time I wore the Three Lions shirt, I was not only following in a long line of great players, I was also representing every fan that cared passionately about their country. I am honoured to represent England both on and off the wouldn39。t have achieved what I have done today without my family. I39。m grateful for my parents39。 sacrifice, which made me realise my dreams. I owe everything to Victoria and the kids, who have given me the inspiration and support to play at the highest level for such a long period. I also want to thank Simon Fuller and his team for their continued support. I want to thank all my teammates, the great managers that I had the pleasure of learning from. I also want to thank the fans who have all supported me and given me the strength to succeed. Nothing will ever pletely replace playing the game I love, however I feel like I39。m starting a new adventure and I39。m genuinely excited about what lies ahead. I39。m fortunate to have been given many opportunities throughout my career and now I feel it39。s my time to give back.
公司管理相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號-1