【正文】 ；強(qiáng)弱，形也。 Energy may be likened to the bending of a crossbow； decision， to the releasing of a trigger. 紛紛紜紜，斗亂而不可亂；渾渾沌沌，形圓而不可敗。 The quality of decision is like the welltimed swoop of a falcon which enables it to strike and destroy its victim. 故善戰(zhàn)者，其勢(shì)險(xiǎn)，其節(jié)短。 Indirect tactics， efficiently applied， are inexhaustible as Heaven and Earth， unending as the flow of rivers and streams； like the sun and moon， they end but to begin anew； like the four seasons， they pass away to return once more. 聲不過(guò)五，五聲之變，不可勝聽也； There are not more than five musical notes， yet the binations of these five give rise to more melodies than can ever be heard. 色不過(guò)五，五色之變，不可勝觀也； There are not more than five primary colors （ blue， yellow， red， white， and black）， yet in bination they produce more hues than can ever been seen. 味不過(guò)五，五味之變，不可勝嘗也； There are not more than five cardinal tastes （ sour， acrid， salt， sweet， bitter）， yet binations of them yield more flavors than can ever be tasted. 戰(zhàn)勢(shì)不過(guò)奇正，奇正之變，不可勝窮也。終而復(fù)始，日月是也。 That the impact of your army may be like a grindstone dashed against an egg——this is effected by the science of weak points and strong. 凡戰(zhàn)者，以正合，以奇勝。 The onrush of a conquering force is like the bursting of pentup waters into a chasm a thousand fathoms deep. 兵勢(shì)第五 V. Energy 孫子曰：凡治眾如治寡，分?jǐn)?shù)是也； Sun Tzu said： The control of a large force is the same principle as the control of a few men： it is merely a question of dividing up their numbers. 斗眾如斗寡，形名是也； Fighting with a large army under your mand is nowise different from fighting with a small one： it is merely a question of instituting signs and signals. 三軍之眾，可使必受敵而無(wú)敗者，奇正是也； To ensure that your whole host may withstand the brunt of the enemy39。 A victorious army opposed to a routed one， is as a pound39。 In respect of military method， we have， firstly， Measurement； secondly， Estimation of quantity； thirdly， Calculation； fourthly， Balancing of chances； fifthly， Victory. 地生度，度生量，量生數(shù)，數(shù)生稱，稱生勝。 Thus it is that in war the victorious strategist only seeks battle after the victory has been won， whereas he who is destined to defeat first fights and afterwards looks for victory. 善用兵者，修道而保法，故 能為勝敗之政。 He wins his battles by making no mistakes. Making no mistakes is what establishes the certainty of victory， for it means conquering an enemy that is already defeated. 故善戰(zhàn)者，立于不敗之地，而不失敵之?dāng)∫病? What the ancients called a clever fighter is one who not only wins， but excels in winning with ease. 故善戰(zhàn)者之勝也，無(wú)智名，無(wú)勇功， Hence his victories bring him neither reputation for wisdom nor credit for courage. 故其戰(zhàn)勝不忒。 Neither is it the acme of excellence if you fight and conquer and the whole Empire says， Well done！ 故舉秋毫不為多力，見(jiàn)日月不為明目，聞雷霆不為聰耳。 Standing on the defensive indicates insufficient strength； attacking， a superabundance of strength. 善守者藏于九地之下，善攻者動(dòng)于九天之上，故能自保而全勝也。 Hence the saying： One may know how to conquer without being able to do it. 不可勝者 ， 守也 ； 可勝者 ， 攻也。 To secure ourselves against defeat lies in our own hands， but the opportunity of defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself. 故善戰(zhàn)者，能為不可勝，不能使敵之必可勝。 Hence the saying： If you know the enemy and know yourself， you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy， for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself， you will succumb in every battle. 軍形第四 IV. Tactical Dispositions 孫子曰：昔之善戰(zhàn)者，先為不可勝，以待敵之可勝。此五者 ， 知?jiǎng)僦酪病Ｊ侵^亂軍引勝。s minds. （ 3） 不知三軍之權(quán)而同三軍之任 ， 則軍士疑矣。輔周則國(guó)必強(qiáng)，輔隙則國(guó)必弱。 If equally matched， we can offer battle； if slightly inferior in numbers， we can avoid the enemy； if quite unequal in every way， we can flee from him. 故小敵之堅(jiān)，大敵之擒也。 With his forces intact he will dispute the mastery of the Empire， and thus， without losing a man， his triumph will be plete. This is the method of attacking by stratagem. 故用兵之法 ， 十則圍之 ， 五則攻之 ， 倍則分之 ， It is the rule in war， if our forces are ten to the enemy39。 The general， unable to control his irritation， will launch his men to the assault like swarming ants， with the result that onethird of his men are slain， while the town still remains untaken. Such are the disastrous effects of a siege. 故善用兵者 ， 屈人 之兵而非戰(zhàn)也 ， 拔人之城而非攻也 ， 毀人之國(guó)而非久也 ， Therefore the skillful leader subdues the enemy39。修櫓 轒辒 ，具器械，三月而后成；距堙，又三月而后已。s forces； the next in order is to attack the enemy39。 Thus the highest form of generalship is to balk the enemy39。 Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence； supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy39。 Sun Tzu said： In the practical art of war， the best thing of all is to take the enemy39。 Thus it may be known that the leader of armies is the arbiter of the people39。 In war， then， let your great object be victory， not lengthy campaigns. 故知兵之將，民之司命。 Therefore in chariot fighting， when ten or more chariots have been taken， those should be rewarded who took the first. Our own flags should be substituted for those of the enemy， and the chariots mingled and used in conjunction with ours. The captured soldiers should be kindly treated and kept. This is called， using the conquered foe to augment one39。 Now in order to kill the enemy， our men must be roused to anger； that there may be advantage from defeating the enemy， they must have their rewards. 車戰(zhàn)得車十乘以上，賞其先得者而更其旌旗。s own store. 【注：】①： “忌 ”加 “艸 ”頭。s provisions is equivalent to twenty of one39。 With this loss of substance and exhaustion of strength， the homes of the people will be stripped bare， and threetenths of their ine will be dissipated； while government expenses for broken chariots， wornout horses， breastplates and helmets， bows and arrows， spears and shields， protective mantles， draughtoxen and heavy wagons， will amount to fourtenths of