【正文】 ore him， shows knowledge of the artifice of deviation. 軍爭為利 ， 軍爭為危。 All men can see the tactics whereby I conquer， but what none can see is the strategy out of which victory is evolved. 故其戰(zhàn)勝不復(fù)，而應(yīng)形于無窮。 Numerical weakness es from having to prepare against possible attacks； numerical strength， from pelling our adversary to make these preparations against us. 故知戰(zhàn)之地，知戰(zhàn)之日，則可千里而會(huì)戰(zhàn)； Knowing the place and the time of the ing battle， we may concentrate from the greatest distances in order to fight. 不知戰(zhàn)之地，不知戰(zhàn)日，則左不能救右，右不能救左，前不能救后，后不能救前，而況遠(yuǎn)者數(shù)十里，近者 數(shù)里乎！ But if neither time nor place be known， then the left wing will be impotent to succor the right， the right equally impotent to succor the left， the van unable to relieve the rear， or the rear to support the van. How much more so if the furthest portions of the army are anything under a hundred LI apart， and even the nearest are separated by several LI！ 以吾度之，越人之兵雖多，亦奚益于勝哉！故曰：勝可為也。 By discovering the enemy39。守而必 固者，守其所必攻也。 When he utilizes bined energy， his fighting men bee as it were like unto rolling logs or stones. For it is the nature of a log or stone to remain motionless on level ground， and to move when on a slope； if fourcornered， to e to a standstill， but if roundshaped， to go rolling down. 故善戰(zhàn)人之勢，如轉(zhuǎn)圓石于千仞之山者，勢也。 Energy may be likened to the bending of a crossbow； decision， to the releasing of a trigger. 紛紛紜紜，斗亂而不可亂；渾渾沌沌，形圓而不可敗。 That the impact of your army may be like a grindstone dashed against an egg——this is effected by the science of weak points and strong. 凡戰(zhàn)者，以正合，以奇勝。 Thus it is that in war the victorious strategist only seeks battle after the victory has been won， whereas he who is destined to defeat first fights and afterwards looks for victory. 善用兵者，修道而保法，故 能為勝敗之政。 Standing on the defensive indicates insufficient strength； attacking， a superabundance of strength. 善守者藏于九地之下，善攻者動(dòng)于九天之上，故能自保而全勝也。此五者 ， 知?jiǎng)僦酪病? If equally matched， we can offer battle； if slightly inferior in numbers， we can avoid the enemy； if quite unequal in every way， we can flee from him. 故小敵之堅(jiān)，大敵之擒也。s forces； the next in order is to attack the enemy39。 Thus it may be known that the leader of armies is the arbiter of the people39。s own store. 【注：】①： “忌 ”加 “艸 ”頭。 It is only one who is thoroughly acquainted with the evils of war that can thoroughly understand the profitable way of carrying it on. 善用兵者，役不再籍，糧不三載， The skillful soldier does not raise a second levy， neither are his supplywagons loaded more than twice. 取用于國，因糧于敵，故軍食可足也。 Now the general who wins a battle makes many calculations in his temple where the battle is fought. The general who loses a battle makes but few calculations beforehand. Thus do many calculations lead to victory， and few calculations to defeat： how much more no calculation at all！ It is by attention to this point that I can foresee who is likely to win or lose. 作戰(zhàn)第二 II. Waging War 孫子曰 ： 凡用兵之法 ， 馳車千駟 ， 革車千乘 ， 帶甲十萬 ， 千里饋糧。 While heading the profit of my counsel， avail yourself also of any helpful circumstances over and beyond the ordinary rules. 勢者 ， 因利而制權(quán)也。孫子兵法 （ 中英對照 ） 孫子兵法 The Art of War 孫武 By Sun Tzu Translated by Lionel Giles 始計(jì)第一 Laying Plans 孫子曰：兵者，國之大事，死生之地，存亡之道，不可不察也。 The general that hearkens to my counsel and acts upon it， will conquer： let such a one be retained in mand！ The general that hearkens not to my counsel nor acts upon it， will suffer defeat： ——let such a one be dismissed！ 計(jì)利以聽，乃為之勢，以佐其外。多算勝少算，而況于無算乎！吾以此觀之，勝負(fù)見矣。 There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare. 故不盡知用兵之害者，則不能盡知用兵之利也。s own， and likewise a single picul of his provender is equivalent to twenty from one39。國家安危之主也。s plans； the next best is to prevent the junction of the enemy39。s one， to surround him； if five to one， to attack him； if twice as numerous， to divide our army into two. 敵則能戰(zhàn)之，少則能逃之，不若則能避之。 But when the army is restless and distrustful， trouble is sure to e from the other feudal princes. This is simply bringing anarchy into the army， and flinging victory away. 故知?jiǎng)儆形澹褐梢詰?zhàn)與不可以戰(zhàn)者勝，識眾寡之用者勝，上下同欲者勝，以虞待不虞者勝，將能而君不御者勝。 Security against defeat implies defensive tactics； ability to defeat the enemy means taking the offensive. 守則不足 ， 攻則有余。 Hence the skillful fighter puts himself into a position which makes defeat impossible， and does not miss the moment for defeating the enemy. 是故勝兵先勝而后求戰(zhàn)，敗兵先戰(zhàn)而后求勝。s attack and remain unshaken—— this is effected by maneuvers direct and indirect. 兵之所加，如以 碬 投卵者，虛實(shí)是也。 Therefore the good fighter will be terrible in his onset， and prompt in his decision. 勢如擴(kuò)弩 ， 節(jié)如發(fā)機(jī)。木石之性，安則靜，危則動(dòng)，方則止，圓則行。 Appear at points which the enemy must hasten to defend； march swiftly to places where you are not expected. 行千里而不勞者，行于無人之地也； An army may march great distances without distress， if it marches through country where the enemy is not. 攻而必取者 ， 攻其所不守也。 If we do not wish to fight， we can prevent the enemy from engaging us even though the lines of our encampment be merely traced out on the ground. All we need do is to throw something odd and unaccountable in his way. 故形人而我無形，則我專而敵分。 For should the enemy strengthen his van， he will weaken his rear； should he strengthen his rear， he will weaken his van； should he strengthen his left， he will weaken his right； should he strengthen his right， he will weaken his left. If he sends reinforcements everywhere， he will everywhere be weak. 寡者，備人者也；眾者，使人備己者也。s own tactics——that is what the multitude cannot prehend. 人皆知我所以勝之形 ， 而莫知吾所以制勝之形。 After that， es tactical maneuvering， than which there is nothing more difficult. The difficulty of tactical maneuvering consists in turning the devious into the direct， and misfortune into gain. 故迂其途，而誘之以利，后人發(fā)，先人至，此知迂直之計(jì)者也。 Let your plans be dark and imperable as night， and