20xx年醫(yī)學(xué)專題—哈醫(yī)大精品課程營養(yǎng)與食品衛(wèi)生學(xué)第一章營養(yǎng)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)(編輯修改稿)
2024-11-05 12:09 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 強(qiáng)腸道功能、有利(yǒul236。)糞便排出 Helps prevent constipation and other intestinal problems by keeping our stools moist and soft.,Functions of dietary fiber,Dietary fiber increases faecal bulk through water binding by fiber. Fiber gives gut muscles“something to push” and makes it easier to eliminate stools.,第二十八頁，共六十二頁。,(2) 控制體重(tǐzh242。ng)和減肥 May enhance weight loss, as eating a high fiber diet causes a person to feel more full.,Fiber absorbs water, expands in our intestine, and slows the movement of food through the upper part of the digestive tract.,第二十九頁，共六十二頁。,(3) 降低(ji224。ngdī)血糖和血膽固醇 Decrease the level of blood sugar and cholesterol,May reduce the risk of heart disease by delaying or blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol into the bloodstream.,第三十頁，共六十二頁。,(4) 降低(ji224。ngdī)結(jié)腸癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn) May reduce the risk of colon cancer.,While there is still some controversy surrounding this issue, many researchers believe that fiber binds cancercausing substances and speeds their elimination from the colon.,第三十一頁，共六十二頁。,三、碳水化合物的消化(xiāohu224。)及吸收,We have learned many forms of CHOs containing in our foods, which one is the form of energy used by our bodies?,The primary goal of CHO digestion is to break down polysaccharides and disaccharides into monosaccharides that can be converted to glucose.,第三十二頁，共六十二頁。,Digestion of carbohydrates in foods (In the mouth),CHO digestion begins in the mouth.,Question: When you eat steamed bread（饅頭(m225。n tou)）, notice that you can actually taste it becoming sweeter, Why?,第三十三頁，共六十二頁。,Saliva amylase（淀粉酶） breaks starch(淀粉(di224。nfěn)） into smaller particles and eventually into the maltose（麥芽糖）.,Disaccharides are not digested in the mouth.,第三十四頁，共六十二頁。,In the stomach, all digestion of CHOs ceases.,Digestion of carbohydrates in foods (In the stomach),Because the acid in the stomach inactivates most of the salivary amylase enzyme.,Would you guess the reasons?,第三十五頁，共六十二頁。,The majority of carbohydrate digestion occurs in the small intestine.,Digestion of carbohydrates in foods (In the small intestine),Pancreatic amylase secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine. Pancreatic amylase continues to digest any remaining starch into maltose（麥芽糖）.,第三十六頁，共六十二頁。,Additional enzymes found in the intestinal tract break down disaccharides into monosaccharides.,麥芽糖,蔗糖(zh232。t225。ng),乳糖(rǔ t225。nɡ),第三十七頁，共六十二頁。,Transform of carbohydrates in the liver,Blood vessels,Blood vessels,第三十八頁，共六十二頁。,Excess glucose can be transformed and stored as glycogen in liver and muscles. Our liver can store 70g (or 280 calories) of glycogen. Our muscles can
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