20xx年醫(yī)學(xué)專題—哈醫(yī)大精品課程營養(yǎng)與食品衛(wèi)生學(xué)第一章營養(yǎng)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)-wenkub
2024-11-05 12 本頁面
【正文】 s, glycogen is not a dietary source of carbohydrate.,PolysaccharideGlycogen（糖原(t225。,Based on the water soluble ability, fiber can be classified into soluble fibers and insoluble fibers. Insoluble fibers（不溶性纖維(xiānw233。)或原料中糖苷鍵大于3個(gè)，不能被人體小腸消化和吸收，但對人體健康有意義的碳水化合物。)糞便排出 Helps prevent constipation and other intestinal problems by keeping our stools moist and soft.,Functions of dietary fiber,Dietary fiber increases faecal bulk through water binding by fiber. Fiber gives gut muscles“something to push” and makes it easier to eliminate stools.,第二十八頁，共六十二頁。ngdī)血糖和血膽固醇 Decrease the level of blood sugar and cholesterol,May reduce the risk of heart disease by delaying or blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol into the bloodstream.,第三十頁，共六十二頁。)及吸收,We have learned many forms of CHOs containing in our foods, which one is the form of energy used by our bodies?,The primary goal of CHO digestion is to break down polysaccharides and disaccharides into monosaccharides that can be converted to glucose.,第三十二頁，共六十二頁。nfěn)） into smaller particles and eventually into the maltose（麥芽糖）.,Disaccharides are not digested in the mouth.,第三十四頁，共六十二頁。t225。,Excess glucose can be transformed and stored as glycogen in liver and muscles. Our liver can store 70g (or 280 calories) of glycogen. Our muscles can normally store about 120 g (or 480 cal) of glycogen.,Transform of carbohydrates in the liver,第三十九頁，共六十二頁。,Once into the large intestine, bacteria break down some undigested carbohydrates, causing the production of gas and a few fatty acids（產(chǎn)酸、產(chǎn)氣）.,Digestion of carbohydrates in foods (In the large intestine),The cells of the large intestine use these fatty acids for energy. The fiber remaining in the colon adds bulk to our stools and is excreted in feces.,第四十二頁，共六十二頁。gōng)和貯存能量（provide and store energy）,How much？ 4kcal/g.,Some of our cells can also use fat and even protein for energy if necessary. However, our red blood cells can utilize only glucose and our brain amp。i)和膳食中的蛋白質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠咸烟?,糖異生(gluconeogenesis),Gluconeogenesis: The generation of glucose from the breakdown of protein into amino acids.,第四十六頁，共六十二頁。ng)（Prevent the generation of ketones),Ketoacidosis: A condition in which excessive ketones（酮體） are present in the blood, causing the blood to become very acidic, which alters basic body functions and damages tissues.,Function of carbohydrates,Low carbohydrate intake can lead to ketoacidosis(酮癥酸中毒）,第四十八頁，共六十二頁。n) 5.改變食物的色、香、味、型 6.提供膳食纖維,Functions of carbohydrates,第五十頁，共六十二頁。nɡ) 乳糖不耐癥,第五十一頁，共六十二頁。,Glucose in blood enters cells,Insulin stimulates glucose transport in
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