【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important ________(discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a followup paper ________(publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about ________(break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, ________is still good to encourage people to observe and think.【答案】 bigger；that/ which；takes；speeches；strictly；at；to discover；was published；breaking；it 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，搞笑諾貝爾獎聽起來似乎很搞笑,但是這并不意味著它缺乏科學價值。 （1）考查形容詞。句意：或者想知道為什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根據(jù)句意和than可知這里要用形容詞的比較級,故填bigger。 （2）考查定語從句。分析可知空格處引導限定性定語從句,先行詞為achievements,指物?？崭裉幵诰渲凶鲋髡Z所以要用that或者which引導這個定語從句,故填that/which。 （3）考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。分析可知take在句中做謂語。這里介紹的是一般事實,要用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語the ceremony為單數(shù),謂語動詞也要用單數(shù),故填takes。 （4）考查名詞。speech為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)后面的are判斷這里要用其復數(shù)形式,故填speeches。 （5）考查副詞?？崭裉幮揎梽釉~police要用副詞,故填strictly。 （6）考查介詞。句意：乍一看,這項久享盛名的研究似乎很荒謬,但這并不意味著它缺乏科學價值。at first sight固定短語，乍一看；一看到.......就,故填at。 （7）考查非謂語動詞。這里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的結構,故填to discover。 （8）考查語態(tài)時態(tài)。本句的事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生,事情發(fā)生在過去要用一般過去時。謂語動詞publish和主語a followup paper是被動關系,要用被動語態(tài)。a followup paper是單數(shù),謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)。故填was published。 （9）考查非謂語動詞。about為介詞,后面的動詞要用動名詞形式,故填breaking。 （10）考查代詞。句意：即使沒有立竿見影的效果,鼓勵人們?nèi)ビ^察和思考也是好的。根據(jù)句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主語,要用it做形式主語,故填it。 【點評】本題考點涉及形容詞，定語從句，主謂一致，名詞，副詞，非謂語動詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)以及代詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。7．語法填空 As kids reach adolescence, they often face increasing workloads and responsibilities but school still starts early. As a result, it ________ (report) that 80 to 90 percent of teens don39。t get enough sleep. This sleep ________ (lose) causes kids to suffer mentally and physically. But too much sleep also has its problems. According to Andrew Fuligni, a sleep doctor in a famous hospital, ________ studies the mental health of adolescents, sleeping less than eight hours ________ more, than ten can make teenagers fed worse the next day. ________ (help) teens get enough sleep, some schools have already made school start later. They have found that the later times let kids sleep more. They also have seen ________ (high) test scores and better graduation rates. However, this isn39。t enough. Meanwhile, teenagers have to help ________ (they). Fuligni suggests teens sleep for 10 hours each night for a week or two. This will help them figure ________ how much sleep they require to fed their best. However, sleeping more on weekends ________（be） not a good idea to pensate for missing sleep during the week. Fuligni warns that getting different ________（amount）of sleep each, night can be had for mental health.【答案】 is reported；loss；who；or；To help；higher；themselves；out；is；amounts 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了關于青少年的睡眠問題。睡眠在青少年的成長中很重要。隨著孩子們進入青春期，他們經(jīng)常面臨越來越多的工作負擔和責任，但學校仍然很早就開始上課。結果是，有80%到90%的青少年沒有得到足夠的睡眠。 （1）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。結果是，有80%到90%的青少年沒有得到足夠的睡眠。It is reported that...，固定句式，“據(jù)報道.....”，故填is reported。 （2）考查名詞。這種睡眠不足會讓孩子們在精神上和身體上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主語，所以此處應該用名詞形式做主語，故填loss。 （3）考查定語從句。此處a sleep doctor是先行詞，指人，后面的非限制性定語從句缺少主語和先行詞，故填who。 （4）考查連詞。一家著名醫(yī)院的睡眠醫(yī)生，他研究青少年的心理健康，睡眠時間少于8小時甚至超過10小時，這可能會讓青少年第二天的情況變得更糟。or more或更多，故填or。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。為了幫助青少年獲得充足的睡眠，一些學校已經(jīng)開始了學校的開學，幫助青少年獲得充足的睡眠，一些學校已經(jīng)在晚些時候開始上課。此處是動詞不定式做目的狀語。故填To help。 （6）考查形容詞。他們也看到了更高的考試成績和更好的畢業(yè)率。根據(jù)后面的better，可知此空用比較級，故填higher。 （7）考查代詞。與此同時，青少年不得不幫助他們自己。結合句意，用反身代詞，故填themselves。 （8）考查副詞。這將幫助他們計算出他們需要多少睡眠才使他們得到最好的睡眠。figure out固定短語，“明白，理解，計算出”，故填out。 （9）考查時態(tài)。為了彌補一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一個好主意。此處是動名詞短語作主語，文章講的是日常情況，所以句子用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故填is。 （10）考查名詞。根據(jù)different可知后面的名詞用復數(shù)形式，故填amounts。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)語態(tài)，名詞，定語從句，連詞，非謂語動詞，形容詞，代詞，副詞，時態(tài)等多個知識點的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。8．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Boat Building is a longwinded and timeconsuming business, even when ________ is going down the slipway is a small craft ________(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass. Construct a mould(模具). Build up layers of resin(樹脂) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract the pleted structure and finish it. All told, it can take months. That, ________, may soon change. For researchers at the University of Maine are now in ________process of testing an 8metre (25foot) patrol boat that took just 72 hours to make from scratch. Their trick was to build the boat ________(use) a giant 3D printer. Since they appeared in ________(merce) form in the 1990s, generally 3D printers ________ (employ) in factories to make small things like ponents of jetengines and dental crowns(牙冠). Now, a new generation of outsize printers is arriving. These are capable ________turning out much bigger objects than previously possible, and printing them faster. To print the patrol boat, part of an American army project, the team in Maine linked up with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee, which helped ________ (develop) the printing process, and Ingersoll Machine Tools, in Illinois, which built the printer itself. The university estimates that for boat building, a mon trade in the state, large 3D printers of this sort will ________(dramatic) cut the cost and time required to produce new ships.【答案】 what；made；though/however；the；using；mercial；have been employed；of；develop / to develop；dramatically 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了大型3D打印機可用來制造船舶。 （1）考查主語從句。句意：造船是一個漫長而枯燥的過程，即使最終從造船臺上滑下來的只是一艘用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船，而非用木板釘成的傳統(tǒng)船只。______ is going down the slipway是when引導的時間狀語從句中的主語從句，主語從句缺少主語，在此表示的事物，故填what。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。此處表示用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船。______(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass用來修飾craft，作定語，craft與make是被動關系，所以用過去分詞，故填made。 （3）考查副詞。句意：不過，現(xiàn)狀可能馬上會發(fā)生改變。根據(jù)前后文語境可知此處表示之前制作大約需要好幾月的實踐，而這一切隨著3D打印的使用可能要發(fā)生改變。所以表示轉折關系，故填however/though。 （4）考查冠詞。句意：緬因大學的研究者正在測試一條 8 米長的巡邏艇，它的建造過程只花了 72 小時。in the process of…固定短語，“在......過程中”，故填the。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們的秘密武器，是使用一臺大型的 3D 打印機來造船。分析句子結構可知此句有謂語動詞was，所以use 要使用非謂語，再根據(jù)their trick可知使用者是人，所以人與use是主動關系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填using。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：自從他們在20世紀90年代以商業(yè)形式出現(xiàn)以來，他們一直被用于工廠制作小的飛機零部件和牙冠。此處修飾form名詞，