【正文】 al tools。 It can be said， EVA makes the emergence of managers in financial management in the first performance evaluation of a mon language，this is because the EVA to the accounting indicators (eg net profit) and other financial indicators (such as net present value) to establish a bridge between ，thus establishing the basis of the EVA financial management system so that enterprises can not only use of a variety of financial indicators in line，but also on the basis of a variety of businesstobusinessrelated interest groups to obtain consistency in the views of financial goals and consistency of action taken，which is conducive to enterprise financial management system of coordination and harmonization will help to avoid financial decisionmaking and the implementation of the conflict between the work of various departments to improve efficiency，will help managers plan to achieve its valueadded EVA。 EVA has broad applicability。This is because: First of all， EVA can be applied to the use of different objects，which are applicable not only to the firm level and for use in enterprise branch performance evaluation；not only the enterprise is also suitable for external performance evaluation，which from the inside out of the work together to promote business for the creation of shareholder wealth for themselves but also work hard to create wealth. Second，EVA use of the financial management process involving all major aspects of the determination of a single link technology possible， so that the entire performance evaluation system easier to understand and implement。 In other words，despite the establishment of a particular enterprise to EVAbased financial management system is plex and timeconsuming，but once established the system， and its very easy to use and easier to make in line of financial management systems。based on EVAbased incentive mechanism 。To EVAbased performance evaluation system, effectively as incentive pensation provided the basis for the purpose of this incentive pensation from the owner operator of the interests of the activities. At the same time as the business environment uncertainties bee more and more, owners and operators are increasingly under the accounting standards are not satisfied with the traditional performance measurement methods and results. Owners doubt the accuracy of this result, operators are asked for more flexibility in performance evaluation, so the use of technology to traditional EVA incentives for improvement and innovation has bee an important trend. Some Western scholars bine research results, I believe that the following three feasible incentive mechanism。EVA bonus plan EVA bonus plan has three main points：First， the release of the amount of prize money depends on the operators within a certain period of time for enterprises to improve the level of the EVA。 Based on EVA improvement rather than the absolute number of EVA based on the principle of resolving the internal and external operating environment caused by different problems。Even those who have the responsibility of the operators of EVA， as a greater degree of improvement in EVA， the bonus may be higher；and those with larger amounts are the operators of EVA improvement due to the level of EVA is very small，might only be less money。Second EVAbased bonus system that，EVA bonus amount paid depends largely on the performance of managers, and should be unlimited， this is the prize money to solve the traditional incentive plan bonus payment due to the incentive cap caused by the shortage of problem。Third，in order to avoid shortsighted operators， EVA bonus system into the “bonus bank” concept， that is，annual bonus awards are not all paid，and will be stored in a part of the pany39。s accounts， so that the operator has the risk of avian influenza；This part of the money sealed until the operator has continued to improve after the issuance of EVA. For example, when the money can be deposited with 1 / 2 or 1 / 3， and then issued the following year。Thus，good business performance in the year， operators of the actual cash received and deposited the money in the “bonus bank”to increase the prize money。 However， in the year of poor operating results，the operator of the cash allocation was reduced in the bonus bank the money also will be reduced. In any one year as a result of payment of prize money depends on a number of years past due amount of money accumulated，so the longterm and shortterm incentive bonus of the difference between the disappeared. At the same time，in the “bonus bank”system，EVA goals can automatically adjust the year without having to negotiate every year。Whatever the reason is because， as long as the decline in EVA， then the operators in this year39。s prize money won will be reduced, or even a negative bonus。However, which from the inside out of the work together to promote business for the creation of shareholder wealth for themselves but also work hard to create wealth. Second，EVA use of the financial management process involving all major aspects of the determination of a single link technology possible， the prize money next year to obtain the minimum performance standards will be established automatically in accordance with the rules and lower。This automatically reduces the incentive mechanism will help operators to tide over their difficulties，while at the same time give them new opportunities to obtain money。EVA（Economic Value Added）即經(jīng)濟(jì)增加值，是指一定時(shí)期的企業(yè)稅后凈利潤與投入資本的資金成本的差額，用于衡量企業(yè)財(cái)富的增加量，它實(shí)際上反映的是企業(yè)在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)利潤。具體地，EVA=已投入資本帶來的收益—已投入資本*加權(quán)平均資本成本，如果EVA的值為正，則表示公司獲得的收益高于為其投入的資本的加權(quán)資本，即經(jīng)營者為股東創(chuàng)造了新價(jià)值；若EVA為負(fù)，則損害了股東的利益，實(shí)際上EVA體現(xiàn)的正是著名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家馬歇爾早在100多年前提出的“經(jīng)濟(jì)效益”概念，只不過EVA更具有可操作性而已。EVA的貢獻(xiàn)在于它為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和管理學(xué)之間架起了一座橋梁，可以預(yù)料，把EVA運(yùn)用于經(jīng)營者的績效評(píng)價(jià)，可能會(huì)帶來績效評(píng)價(jià)的一場革命，并深深地影響到對(duì)經(jīng)理人激勵(lì)機(jī)制的創(chuàng)新。一、 建立在EVA基礎(chǔ)上的績效評(píng)價(jià)體系的特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)越性。與傳統(tǒng)的績效評(píng)價(jià)體系相比，利用EVA進(jìn)行業(yè)績?cè)u(píng)價(jià)，具有鮮明的特點(diǎn)和明顯的優(yōu)越性，而事實(shí)上，其特點(diǎn)也正是其優(yōu)越性的所在。概括起來，其特點(diǎn)即優(yōu)越性主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：EVA不受公認(rèn)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則的限制，其使用者可以根據(jù)需求作出適度調(diào)整，以獲取相對(duì)準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)，從而降低了會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則引起的經(jīng)營績效扭曲現(xiàn)象。因?yàn)楸M管EVA與現(xiàn)行損益表中