【正文】
legal address is (hereinafter referred to as the “Seller); whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the following goods on the terms and conditions as below: 57 ? 【 例 1】 本合同由依 法律成立的 ABC(全稱 )公司,其登記注冊地在 ,法定地址為(以下簡稱買方 )和依 法律成立的 DEF(全稱 )公司,其登記注冊地在 ,法定地址為 (以下簡稱賣方 )于 1998年 10月 16日在中國北京訂立,雙方同意按下述條款買賣下列貨物: 58 ? 第二組條款寫在合同的結尾部分,在結構上稱“結尾條款” (concluding clauses),其主要內(nèi)容為:合同使用的文字,合同的份數(shù),各種文本的效力,合同的生效時間,對合同修改補充的效力,雙方當事人簽字等。如果合同中包括附件,還應在合同中規(guī)定: “附件是合同不可分割的部分” (The annex shall form an integral part of this Contract),否則,就不具備構成合同附件的條件。 59 ? This Contract is made out in duplicate in Chinese and In English Language, one Chinese original copy and one English original copy for each Party, both texts being equally authentic. This contract shall e into force from the date it is signed by the authorized representatives of both parties. The annexes as listed in Article 10 shall form an integral part to this Contract. ? Any amendment and/ or supplement to this contract will be valid only after the authorized representatives of both parties have signed written documents. forming integral parts of the Contract. 60 ? 【 例 2】 本合同用中文和英文書就,一式二份,雙方各執(zhí)一份中文正本和一份英文正本。兩種文本具有同等效力。本合同自雙方授權代表簽字之日起生效,第十章中列出的附件為本合同不可分割的組成部分。 ? 對本合同的任何修改和餓補充,只有在雙方授權代表在書面簽字后方為有效,并成為本合同不可分割的組成部分。 61 Definition and Whereas定義與鑒于條款 ? Definition Clauses定義條款 ? 為了避免對涉外合同中使用的某些重要的名詞、概念的理解發(fā)生爭議,使雙方對合同中使用的重要名詞有統(tǒng)一的認識,對合同中重復出現(xiàn)的有特殊意義的且容易引起爭議的名詞概念作專門的解釋,是非常必要的。 ? 在訂立定義條款時要考慮兩方面問題:首先,應確定對合同中的哪些名詞術語進行定義。確定的標準是:在合同中重復出現(xiàn),具有特殊意義,并且對確定當事人的權利和義務有關鍵性作用的名詞術詞;其次,應確定以何種形式對合同中的專用名詞進行定義。在實踐中,一般對合同中重復出現(xiàn)的關鍵名詞列出專章或??钸M行解釋。 62 ? 定義條款常見于下列類型的合同中,如“合作生產(chǎn)合同” (Contract for Coproduction),“專有技術合同” (Contract for Knowhow),“成套設備技術引進合同” (Contract for Introduction of Complete Plant and Technology),“合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)合同” (Contract for Joint Ventures),“國際土建工程合同” (International Contract for Civil Works),“國際借款合同” (International Loans Contract)等。 63 ? For the purpose of this Contract, the following terms have the following meanings: ? (1)“Patents” means those letters patent. unity models and applications therefor presently owned or hereafter acquired by Party B and/ or which Party B has or may have the right to control grant License there of during the term hereof in any or all countries of the world and which are applicable to or may be used in the manufacture of the Product. ? (2)“Technical Information” means confidential engineering data, drawings, specifications and production procedures, brochures, catalogs and all other technical information necessary to the manufacture,operation, sale and service 0f the product, which are owned or hereafter acquired by Party B and/ or which Party B has or may have the right to control and furnish to Party A during the term of this Contract. 64 ? (3)“Exclusive Territory” means the following Countries: Australia, New Zealand, Mexico,Netherlands, Canada and Brazil. ? (4)“Net Selling Price39。? means the price at which the Product is sold by Party B from time to time,after deduction of packaging, installation and freight charges, trade and quantity discount,mission, insurance and modity tax, if any, directly applicable to the Product. In the event the Product is used by Party B or its subsidiaries,“ Net Selling Price” ? of such product, for the purpose of determining the payment due hereunder with respect thereto, shall be the same as“ Net Selling Price” at which Party B customarily sells parable product to its customer in bona fide business transactions. 65 ? 【 例 3】 本合同中下列詞語的含義為: ? (1)“專利”,是指乙方目前擁有的或未來獲得的和威有權或可能有權控制的,或在本合同有效期間在世界任何國家許可轉讓的,適用于或可能適用于制造本合同產(chǎn)品的專利,實用新型及專利申請。 ? (2)“技術資料”,是指乙方擁有的和馘此后獲得的和戧在協(xié)議有效期間乙方有權或可能有權控制并提供給甲方的秘密技術資料、圖紙、設計說明書、生產(chǎn)程序、小冊子、目錄以及生產(chǎn)、操作、銷售、維修合同產(chǎn)品所需要的其他資料。 ? (3)“獨占區(qū)域”,是指下列國家:澳大利亞、新西蘭、墨西哥、荷蘭、加拿大和巴西。 ? (4)“凈銷售價”,是指在扣除合同產(chǎn)品的包裝費、安裝費運輸費、商業(yè)和數(shù)量折扣、傭金、保險費和商品稅之后,乙功通常銷售合同產(chǎn)品的價格。若產(chǎn)品被乙方或其附屬公司使用時為確定本合同所規(guī)定的到期付款項,其“銷售凈價”應等同哥乙方通常在善意交易中向顧客出售的類似產(chǎn)品的“凈銷售價”。 66 ? 2)Whereas Clauses 鑒于條款 ? 鑒于條款常用于技術貿(mào)易合同之中 (但不限于技術貿(mào)易合同 ),用以說明當事人訂立合同的背景、目的、意圖以及雙方當事人確認合同的簽訂是在互利互惠的基礎上進行的。 ? 鑒于條款的法律意義在于:它可以說明合同雙方轉讓技術的合法性,以便發(fā)生糾紛時,作為仲裁機關或法院解釋合同正文的依據(jù)?!拌b于條款”一般寫在前言的后部作為向合同正文的 67 ? The Contract is signed in Beijing, China on Dec. 24,1998 by and between Company f hereinafter referred to as the “Licensee) on the one hand, having its registered address In Beijing, China, its legal address is and Company (hereinafter referred to as the “Licensor) on the other hand, having its registered address in , its legal address is . ? Where as the Licensor possesses knowhow for the designing, manufacturing, installing and marketing of 。 ? Whereas the Licensor has the right and desires to transfer the abovesigned knowhow to the Licensor?s knowhow. ? Whereas the Licensee desires to design, manufacture, sell and export by using Licensor?s knowhow. ? Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the mutual conveniences, the Licensee and the Licensor, through consultation, agree to enter into this contract under the terms and conditions set forth as follows: 68 ? 【 例 4】 本合同于 1998年 12月 24日在北京簽訂。 ? 一方為:中國北京市 ——公司(以下簡稱“受讓方”),在中國北京登記注冊,其法定地址在 。 ? 另一方為: 國 市 公司 (以下簡稱“許可方” ),在 國 地登記注冊,其法定地址在 。 ? 鑒于許可方擁有 專有技術的所有權,有權設計、生產(chǎn)、安裝以及進行銷售; ? 鑒于許可方有權且愿意將以上專有技術轉讓給受讓方: ? 鑒于受讓方愿意使用許可方的專有技術進行設計、生產(chǎn)、銷售以及出口 。 ? 因此,根據(jù)以上情況及雙方的意愿,經(jīng)受讓方與許可方協(xié)商,達成如下合同條款: 69 and Guaranty 轉讓與擔保條款 ? 1) Assignment Clauses 轉讓條款 ? 合同的轉讓是當事人一方將合同的權利和義務的全部或部分轉讓給第三方 (A party assigns, wholly or in part, its contractual rights and obligations to a third party)。第三方是合同轉讓的受讓人 (assignee),合同的轉讓 (assignment of contracts)不同于合同的變更 (modification of contracts),它是合同主體的變化。 70 《 中華