【正文】
eve the Contractor from any obligation or responsibility. 風險分析:在此條款中,提到了“在一切合理的時間內(nèi)”,所謂“一切合理的時間”就要看有經(jīng)驗的承包商如何理解了,在這個條款里完全是傾向于業(yè)主的權益,承包商能做的就是合理的預見,合理的安排,理解業(yè)主所謂的“一切合理的時間”,有什么特殊情況可以視情況而定。 Rates or Wages and Conditions of LabourThe Contractor shall pay rates of wages, and observe conditions of labour, which are not lower than those established for the trade or industry where the work is carried out. If no established rates or conditions are applicable, the contractor shall pay rates of wages and observe conditions which are not lower than the general level of wages and conditions observed locally by employers whose trade or industry is similar to that of the Contractor.風險分析:在此條款中,對于勞動力人員的支付,其風險全部轉移給了承包商,承包商必須在進行施工前,認真調(diào)查當?shù)貏趧恿Φ膬r格以及當?shù)貙τ谕鈦韯趧恿κ欠裼幸?,所以承包商在報價時應該認真了解當?shù)氐那闆r,不然可能會有很大的風險,造成不必要的損失。 Payments to nominated SubcontractorsThe Contractor shall pay to the nominated Subcontractor the amounts which the Engineer certifies to be due in accordance with the Subcontract. These amounts plus other charges shall be included in the Contract Price in accordance with subparagraph (b) of SubClause (Provisional Sums), except as stated in SubClause (Evidence of Payments). 風險分析:本條款中,明確指出指定分包商的工程款額應由承包商支付,但是必須有資料證明該指定分包商已經(jīng)按照合同規(guī)定完成工程的有關工作,否則當承包商提出證據(jù)證明指定分包商的工作不合格后,分包商可以拒絕支付該工程款額。 b) the subcontractor does not specify that the nominated Subcontractor shall indemnify the contractor against and from any negligence or misuse of Goods by the nominated Subcontractor, his agents and employees。 Employer’s Equipment and FreeIssue MaterialThe Employer shall supply, free of charge, the “freeissue materials” (if any) in accordance with the details stated in the Specification. The Employer shall, at his risk and cost, provide these materials at the time and place specified in the Contract, the Contractor shall then visually inspect them, and shall promptly give notice to the Engineer of any shortage, defect or default in these materials. Unless otherwise agreed by both Parties, the Employer shall immediately rectify the notified shortage, defect or default.風險分析:對于免費提供的材料和設備,在風險轉移的時候?qū)τ诔邪痰膲毫Ρ容^大,承包商在接受材料時必須認真檢驗材料的基本情況,對于損壞的材料和設備,承包商應要求業(yè)主進行補償或者改善,但是如果承包商沒有檢查,則材料原有的風險和以后的風險都由承包商承擔,也就是說業(yè)主完全將風險轉移給了承包商。 Instruction of the EngineerThe Engineer may issue to the contractor (at any time) instructions and additional or modified Drawings which may be necessary for the execution of the Works and the remedying of any defects, all in a accordance with the Contract. The Contractor shall only take instructions from the Engineer, or from an assistant to whom the appropriate authority has been delegated under this Clause. If an instruction constitutes a Variation, Clause 13 (Variations and Adjustments) shall apply. 風險分析:在此條款中,工程師可以在任何時間向承包商發(fā)出工程有關修復等工作的變更指示,這里的任何時候也就是說是任何時間里都可以,它與合同中所說的“合理的時間”有所區(qū)別,合理的時間是指在沒有特殊情況下的正常時間,這要根據(jù)具體情況具體分析。 Contract AgreementThe Parties shall enter into a Contract Agreement within 28 days after the Contractor receives the Letter of Acceptance, unless they agree otherwise. The Contract Agreement shall be based upon the form annexed to the Contract Documents. The costs of stamp duties and similar charges (if any) imposed by law in connection with entry into the Contract Agreement shall be borne by the Employer. 風險分析:承包商在收到中標函后的28天內(nèi)雙方必須簽訂合同協(xié)議書,在這28天內(nèi),原則上雙方不可以對合同做本質(zhì)性的更改,且承包商必須提供履約保函,以保證業(yè)主的權益,以避免承包商的違約行為,在這28天內(nèi)雙方可能會發(fā)生很多的事情。2 合同原文本分析 “Appendix to Tender means the pleted pages entitled appendix to tender which are appended to and form part of the Letter of Tender.風險分析:投標函附錄中說明條文中未盡事宜或要求,有的是專業(yè)資質(zhì),有的是特殊要求,有的是可供選擇信息,有的是附加條件或者其他要求。在整個投標函附錄中,總體來看,業(yè)主設置了一些不人道的條款,大大的損害了承包商的利益,有些時候業(yè)主為了把自己的風險摘出來,把原本屬于自己的風險強加給了承包商,一方面使得承包商在進行報價的時候有了想法,另一方面也使不少的承包商退出了競爭,因為承包商的目的就是賺錢,如果工程的風險過大,承包商也就沒有必要承包工程了。 Settlement of dispute附錄內(nèi)容:In accordance with the Rules and Regulations of the Relevant Competent Court in Vietnam under the Laws of Vi etnam. The place of adjudication shall be in Vietnam.風險分析:在投標函附錄中規(guī)定,雙方最終解決問題的地方是越南的法院,而且在合同中規(guī)定,如果存在DAB,工程師可以扮演DAB組織里的一名成員,如果業(yè)主要替換工程師,那么業(yè)主必須向DAB提供自己關于替換工程師的詳細意見。 Insuring Party附錄內(nèi)容:All risks and Third Party Liability Employer in joint nameContractor’s Plant and Equipment – Contractor Contractor’s Personnel and Statutory Worker Compensation Insurance Contractor.風險分析:在投標附錄中規(guī)定,所有風險和第三方責任險由業(yè)主負責,承包商設備設施由承包商投保,承包商人員和工程勞動力由承包商投保,在此條款看來,承包商需要承擔的風險比較多,需要投保的設施和人員比較多,但是承包商必須這么做,因為這些都是跟承包商利益相關的,業(yè)主的責任是第三方責任險,業(yè)主也同樣有責任,所以,在保險這一方面,雙方都有著各自的責任,都不能拒絕執(zhí)行,在工程中,保險是在工程事故發(fā)生后能夠為各方減少壓力,解決事情的一個途徑,如果工程的任何風險都有保險公司參與,我想工程的進展肯定會比現(xiàn)在的狀況要好,所以工程上的所有保險都是有利于投保方的,工程的每一個參與方都應該積極的參與,盡量避免自己的損失。 Final Payment附錄內(nèi)容:Within 56 days after the Engineer has verified the Final Statement and within 28 days issued the Final Payment Certificate.風險分析:投標附錄中規(guī)定的是,在工程師已經(jīng)批準最終竣工報表后的56天或者頒發(fā)最終支付證書后的28天內(nèi),業(yè)主應該向承包商結算最終支付款額,進行工程的決算;同時在頒發(fā)履約證書56天內(nèi),承包商應向工程師提交按其批準的格式編制的最終報表草案一式六份,并附證明文件。 Payment附錄內(nèi)容:28 Calendar days from the receipt of the Original Certificate and Tax Invoice from Contractor.風險分析:投標函附錄中規(guī)定,業(yè)主應該在收到承包商提供的支付證據(jù)和所交稅后的收據(jù)后的28天內(nèi)向承包商支付工程款額,這相比之下,業(yè)主的支付時間還是很短的,支付比較快,這對于承包商而言是比較有利的,在完工后的28天內(nèi)就能得到業(yè)主支付的款額,對于承包商后期的工程施工提供了資金,也能夠為業(yè)主節(jié)省了一些不必要的麻煩,畢竟承包商要得到的是錢,業(yè)主要得到的是工程,雙方相互之間只有互相理解,互行方便,工程肯定會順利的進行的。 Plant and Materials intended for the works附錄內(nèi)容:Not Applicable風險分析:在投標函附錄中,規(guī)定到用于永久工程的永久材料和設備不被提供,【Plant and Materials intended for the Works】中所提到的一切情況也就不適用了,承包商不能夠得到這部分的支持,對于自己壓力就比較大,就需要承包商自己解決,或者與業(yè)主協(xié)商,為自己獲得一點材料或者設備的支持。 Interim Payments附錄內(nèi)容:In accordance with the Conditions of Contract風險分析:在投標函附錄中說明,工程的期中支付按照合同中的規(guī)定執(zhí)行,合同中對于期中支付的規(guī)定如下:承包商應按工程師批準的格式在每個月末之后向工程師提交一式六份報表,詳細說明承包商認為自己有權得到的款額,同時提交各證明文件,【進度報告】,提交當月進度情況的詳細報告;在證明文件中,對于已完工程的估算價值應該根據(jù)條款12以及投標函附錄中對于價格調(diào)整的規(guī)定進行估算,這一條款與新版FIDIC合同比較相似,承包商沒有什么風險,對于承包商和業(yè)主都是比較公平的,如果現(xiàn)實的工程與理論估計的有所不一樣的時候,承包商與業(yè)主可以再就實際情況進行商談。一般當收到支付證書后,保留金就會返還給承包商一半,在本工程中由于承包商支付的保留金的比例較大,那么也就給承包商的資金安排帶來了困難,不但是前期的準備資金,就是在工程結束后,承包商仍然會有一半的保留金被扣押在業(yè)主的手里,如果其中支付的比例較大,承包商被業(yè)主扣留的保留金的數(shù)額也就會很大,這顯然不利于承包商,損害了承包商的利益,承包商應該與業(yè)主協(xié)商,雙方可以各自做一下讓步,已達到雙贏的目的;如果本合同規(guī)定的款額小于等于新版FIDIC合同的規(guī)定款額,對于承包商而言就不存在風險或者很小的風險。 Percentag