翻譯理論與實(shí)踐-資料下載頁
2025-08-16 00:37本頁面
【正文】 ations totaled over 1300 volumes, and he also established basic translation rules which were followed by many monktranslators who came after him. Many of his translations, such as the ‘Heart Sutra’, are still used by Chinese Buddhists today. ? 13歲出家。貞觀三年（ 627），從長安（今西安）出發(fā)，歷經(jīng) 4年至印度那爛陀寺，拜名僧戒賢為師，研習(xí) 《 瑜伽師地論 》 等佛經(jīng)。十九年攜大、小乘佛教經(jīng)典回到長安。后在太宗、高宗的支持下，召集各大寺高僧組成譯經(jīng)場(chǎng)，譯出經(jīng)、論七十五部、凡一千三百三十五卷。多用直譯，世稱“新譯”。與鳩摩羅什、真諦并稱為中國佛教三大翻譯家。他把 《 老子 》 和 《 大乘起信論 》譯成梵文傳入印度，另譯有 《 大般若經(jīng) 》 。 Zhu Shenghao朱生豪 ? Zhu Shenghao (19121944) was born and educated in China’s Zhejiang province and accepted into Zhijiang University at the age of 17. He studied Chinese literature and English there. In 1921, he graduated and joined the Book Company in Shanghai as an English editor. At the age of 23 he started translating The Tempest into Chinese. The outbreak of the SinoJapanese War shattered Zhu’s translation schedule。 his manuscripts were destroyed when he escaped from Japaneseoccupied Shanghai. Zhu later returned to the Shanghai foreign concessions to resume his translation work, only to find himself on the run from the Japanese again with the outbreak of World War Two, and his manuscripts were again destroyed. In failing health and stricken circumstances, Zhu worked on his translations of Shakespeare until his death in December 1944. He translated a total of 31 plays, all of which were published posthumously. ? 浙江嘉興人 。翻譯家，詩人。 1912年 2月 2日，朱生豪出生于嘉興南門一個(gè)沒落的小商人家庭，家境貧寒。 1929年進(jìn)入杭州之江大學(xué)，主修中國文學(xué)，以英文為副科。 1935年與世界書局正式簽訂翻譯 《 莎士比亞戲劇全集 》 的合同。1936年第一部譯作 《 暴風(fēng)雨 》 脫稿，到 1937年 7月先后譯出 《 仲夏夜之夢(mèng) 》 ， 《 威尼斯商人 》 ， 《 溫莎的風(fēng)流娘兒們 》 ， 《 第十二夜 》 等喜劇。 1937年日軍進(jìn)攻上海，世界書局被占為軍營，已交付的全部譯稿被焚。后來他重返上海世界書局，仍抓緊時(shí)間進(jìn)行翻譯。 1941年日軍占領(lǐng)上海，朱生豪丟失再次收集的全部資料與譯稿。 1942年底他補(bǔ)譯出 《 暴風(fēng)雨 》 等 9部喜劇。直至去世，他總共完成了31部戲劇的翻譯。 Yan Fu嚴(yán)復(fù) ? Yan Fu (18531921) was a native of the Fujian province in southern China. At the age of 24 he was sent by the Chinese government to the Naval College at Greenwich, Britain, from which he graduated in 1879. In 1895 he began the translation of Thomas Huxley’s Evolution and Ethics. The book was published in 1898 and became the rallying point for many reformminded Chinese. Yan left the navy in 1900 and in 1902 joined the Translation Bureau (part of the forerunner of Peking University) in Beijing. ? Though Yan Fu’s translations had a huge social impact during his lifetime, it is his translator’s preface to Tianyan lun (Evolution and Ethics) which has left the deepest mark on translation studies in China. The Translation criteria as set out in this preface, namely fidelity, prehensibility and elegance, have passed into the layman’s vocabulary and are still held up by many Chinese scholars as golden rules. ? 是我國清末新興資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的啟蒙思想家。他從光緒二十四年到宣統(tǒng)三年（公元 18981911）這三十年間翻譯了不少西方政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)說，其中最有影響力的是赫胥黎（ . Huxley）的 《 天演論 》（ Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays）。嚴(yán)復(fù)每譯一書，都有一定的目的和意義，他常借西方著名資產(chǎn)階級(jí)思想家的著作表達(dá)自己的思想。他譯書往往加上許多按語，發(fā)揮自己的見解。嚴(yán)復(fù)在參照古代佛經(jīng)翻譯經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合自己的翻譯實(shí)踐，在 《 天演論 》 （公元一八九八年出版）卷首的 《 譯例言 》 中提出著名的 信、達(dá)、雅翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
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