【正文】 e their lumps soon because they have little experience of postseason. (China Daily, April 100, 2007) Here “take lumps” is an American slang. It means “fail or be faced with difficulties”.(6) Congratulations, Sammy. You just bought yourself a benchwarmer seat to the apocalypse. (21stCentury ,May 17, 2009) In the sentence, “benchwarmer” is slang, literally means “the person who always sits on the bench”, but we use its implied meaning “the substituting players in games” in sports context. Summary Vocabulary is the most important part in prehending English sports news, because there are many sports terminology and other types of vocabulary, The chapter mainly introduces four lexical features of English sports news by analyzing many pieces of sports news, that is, sports terminology, abbreviations, rhetoric and slang.Chapter4 Lexical Translation of English Sports NewsAccording to what we have analyzed in the previous chapter, there are various types of vocabulary in English sports news, so it is hard to give a specific and fixed translation method. Generally, according to Nida39。s theory of “functional equivalence”, the author introduces two translation methods which are monly used: literal translation and free translation. Literal Translation Although different nations have different cultures and customs, humankind as a whole, has shared noncultural knowledge, that is, different nations have something shared which is not learned from each other but based on human39。s similar cognition process. As for the vocabulary in English sports news, the sports terminology and the names or the abbreviations related to sports should be translated literally. Look at the following examples:(7) Violence broke out as angry fans invaded the pitch when the referee awarded a penalty to the other side. (Washington Post, November29, 2006)看到裁判判對方罰球時，怒氣沖沖的球迷沖進比賽場地，于是就引發(fā)了一場暴力沖突。There are several meanings of “pitch” in the dictionary, while in sports area, pitch can be treated as a professional word, which means “比賽場地”. The word “referee” is specially used in sports games, so it can be translated literally as “裁判”.(8) Team A seized the lead in the south American Group Two qualifying round for the World Cup Soccer with a narrow 32 win over Team B Sunday. (China Daily, November24,2006)星期日甲隊以3:2險勝乙隊，在世界杯足球賽預(yù)選賽南美區(qū)第二組中取得領(lǐng)先地位。In the sentence, “World Cup” is a soccer tournament held every four years among national soccer teams to choose a world champion. It is a fixed name of sports tournament, which is wellknown for people in the world, so it should be translated literally as“世界杯”.(9) Basketball superstar Michael Jordan asked for a pay rise on the same day he collected his forth MVP. (Washington Post, September20, 1998)超級籃球明星邁克爾喬丹第四次獲得MVP（最有價值的球員）后，當(dāng)天就提出加薪要求。In the sentence, MVP is the short term of “most valuable player”. Most sports lovers know well what MVP means, so it can be translated as “MVP” or “最有價值的球員”.When rhetoric in English and Chinese language has the same figurative meaning, they can be translated literally. Literal translation can not only retain the form of contents and cultural connotations but also enrich the expressions of the target language. What39。s more, literal translation shows that language is patible. It also holds the original text to the best. Look at the following example: (10)Tennis Century War: Sampras vs. Federer. (China Daily, December11, 2007)網(wǎng)球世紀(jì)之戰(zhàn)：桑普拉斯迎戰(zhàn)費德勒In the title, “Century War”, a kind of metaphor, originally means a battle, but refers to a match in sports context. However, the “Century War” has the same implied meaning as “世紀(jì)之戰(zhàn)” in Chinese, so we can translate “Century War” as “世紀(jì)之戰(zhàn)”. Free TranslationSome vocabulary with strong local and ethnical features is specific to one nation. For the same connotations, English and Chinese may have different expressions. Under such condition, the literal translation is not suitable. The free translation can be applied. Free translation does not translate literally but translate the connotations. Take metaphorical words as example, according to Nida39。s theory of “functional equivalence”, we should first grasp the surface and deep structure of the metaphor, then replace it with intelligible counterpart images of target language, without sacrificing the figurative meaning and connotation of the source language. As for the words in English sports news, most rhetorical words, slang and vocabulary which are used humorously should adopt free translation. Look at the following examples:(11) It will mean another European disappointment for the Red Devil. (China Daily, November 23, 2006)曼聯(lián)會讓歐洲球迷們再次失望。Here “the Red Devil” is a metaphorical expression, referring to “Manchester United (曼徹斯特聯(lián)隊)”. In the context, we should adopt free translation to show its connotation to avoid confusing.(12) Hawks fall to Bryant. (China Daily, , 1999)亞特蘭大隊老鷹隊負(fù)于洛杉磯湖人隊?！癇ryant” is a rhetorical expression of metonymy. Kobe Bryant is a wellknown star, belonging to of NBA, so the name is used to represent the whole team. Therefore, we should translate it as “洛杉磯湖人隊”not just Bryant himself.(13)They had a hearty talk at the nineteenth hole. (China Daily, , 2000)賽后，他們?nèi)ジ郀柗蚓銟凡康木瓢衫飼痴??！癆t the nineteenth hole” is an American slang. People may feel strange if we directly translate the slang “at the nineteenth hole” as “第19個洞”，because golf field has eighteen holes at most. Generally, golf players will go to the bar drinking and talking after finishing a game. The bar is located in the golf field, so the slang means“高爾夫俱樂部的酒吧”. Chapter 5 Conclusion In modern society, the development of sports marks the degree of social civilization. The sports development around the world is an entity and municates with each other. Thus, English sports news occupies a more protruding position in media now than it did any time in the past. The thesis has discussed