【導讀】2020/7/7ERP&SCM北京理工大學管理與。管理信息系統(tǒng)專題講座。企業(yè)資源計劃與供應鏈管理。北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院。ERP產(chǎn)生的背景及意義。ERP項目的實施與風險分析。SCM系統(tǒng)的結構與特點。發(fā)展迅速競爭激烈需求苛刻變化莫測。競爭戰(zhàn)略重點的轉移(制造業(yè)):. 企業(yè)要贏得競爭，必須具備：雄厚的技術、經(jīng)濟實力。多層遞階的扁平化小型化、網(wǎng)絡化、虛擬化。綜合處理各類管理信息，由計算機硬件、軟件、數(shù)據(jù)、計算機網(wǎng)絡與通信裝置、規(guī)章制度以及有關人員組成的。制造者、銷售者與。4需求量、提前期與加工能力是MRP-II制訂計劃的主要依。況下，MRP-II對需求與能力的變更，特別是計劃期內。5現(xiàn)有MRP-II商品軟件系統(tǒng)龐大而復雜的體系結構和集中。6競爭的加劇和用戶對產(chǎn)品多樣性和交貨期日趨苛刻的要。MRP-II在作物料需求計劃時，并未考慮能力限制，只是在做能。防礙實現(xiàn)企業(yè)整體目標的因素都是制約因素，

　　

【正文】 lanning, business planning, product phasein/phaseout, manufacturing rampup, endoflife management, productline management Plan 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 56 Scope of SCOR processes ? Sourcing/material acquisition – Obtain, receive, inspect, hold, and issue material ? Manage sourcing infrastructure – Vendor certification and feedback, sourcing quality, inbound freight, ponent engineering, vendor contracts, initiate vendor payments Source 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 57 Scope of SCOR processes ? Production execution – Request and receive material, manufacture and test product, package, hold and/or release product ? Manage make infrastructure – Engineering changes, facilities and equipment, production status, production quality, shop scheduling/sequencing, shortterm capacity Make 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 58 Scope of SCOR processes ? Order management – Enter and maintain orders, generate quotations, configure product, create and maintain customer database, manage allocations, maintain product/price database, manage accounts receivable, credits, collections and invoicing ? Warehouse management – Pick, pack and configure products, create customer specific packaging/labeling, consolidate orders, ship products ? Transportation and installation management – Manage traffic, manage freight, manage product import/export – Schedule installation activities, perform installation, verify performance ? Manage deliver infrastructure – Manage channel business rules, order rules, manage deliver inventories, manage deliver quality Deliver 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 59 SCOR Level 1 Operations Strategy Analyze Basis of Competition 1 SCOR Level 2 Configure SupplyChain 2 IntraCompany Configuration InterCompany Configuration SCOR Level 3 Align Performance Levels, Practices, and Systems 3 SCOR Level 4 Implement SupplyChain Processes and Systems 4 IntraCompany SupplyChain Improvements InterCompany SupplyChain Improvements IntraCompany Process, Practice, and System Configuration Elements InterCompany Process, Practice, and System Configuration Elements SCOR Methodology: Applied in Four Steps 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 60 SCM Improvement Companies Continue to Invest ? Based on a survey of Fortune 1000 panies conducted by Lockheed Martin and Penn State’s Center for Logistics Research (with assistance from AMR Research and CGR Management) ? Approximately 33% of the respondents indicated they were engaging in SCM improvements in 1995. 64% were making improvements in 1997. ? 45% of respondents believe they will be making SCM improvements in the each of the next three years ? “Leading” panies showed a pattern of continued investment in SCM Improvements 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 61 Strategic Objectives of SCM Costs Market Share Sales Volume Growth Rate Customer Satisfaction Product Quality Time to Market Profits ? Important drivers are customer satisfaction and profits. 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 62 Perceived Benefit of SCMrelated Investments Demand Forecasting Marketing Sales Product Development Warehousing Transportation Inventory Management Purchasing Manufacturing 2 4 6 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 63 ? SCM給企業(yè)帶來的效益 ? Pittiglo Rabin Todd amp。 McGrath公司的調查數(shù)據(jù)： 發(fā)貨能力提高： 1618% 庫存減少： 2560% 定單履約周期縮短： 3050% 預測準確性提高： 2580% 總生產(chǎn)率提高： 1016% 供應鏈成本降低： 2550% 補給率提高： 2030% 產(chǎn)量提高： 1020% 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 64 0204060801001201992 1993 1994 1995 1996 199792預測值實際值銷量 ：百萬件 例：諾基亞手機 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 65 1992年狀態(tài)：分段過程 供應者 工廠 分銷 售貨 客戶 計劃 計劃 計劃 計劃 計劃 物料供應 物料供應 運作 運作 定貨 定貨 定貨 信息流斷裂 物流不連續(xù)庫存積壓 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 66 供應者 工廠 分銷 售貨 客戶 整體物流計劃 集成定貨單處理 信息流 物流 資金流 需求鏈管理 需求鏈（供應鏈）的集成 2020/7/7 ERP amp。 SCM 北京理工大學管理與經(jīng)濟學院 甘仞初 67 從用戶到供應者的集成 供應者 生產(chǎn)者 用戶 與供應基地結盟以支持物流戰(zhàn)略 與關鍵用戶建立緊密關系 從終點到終點的集成 信息透明合作計劃由供應者管理庫存靈活快捷 質量 電子交易 為用戶增值信息透明 合作計劃 充足 電子交易 多功能團隊