【導(dǎo)讀】經(jīng)成為食品安全的代名詞。管理狀況提供可借鑒的有益經(jīng)驗。以及控制的預(yù)防性體系。當(dāng)傳統(tǒng)的終成品微生。政府首腦兼武裝部隊總司令?？偨y(tǒng)指定的其他官員組成。聯(lián)邦行政機構(gòu)設(shè)14. 部、農(nóng)業(yè)部、商務(wù)部、國防部。州和各地食品安全協(xié)調(diào)和交流。逐步納入了食品安全的宏觀政策內(nèi)［1］。效性進行了評估，推薦政府管理部門采納HACCP方法，對生產(chǎn)企業(yè)實施強制性管理。該提議導(dǎo)致了美國。NACMCF是美國農(nóng)業(yè)部特許。、學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界人員組成。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的指南和建議。1997年8月14日，NACMCF發(fā)布了。及應(yīng)用準(zhǔn)則)》［3］。該準(zhǔn)則使HACCP的理論系統(tǒng)更。從生產(chǎn)到銷售，全國一體化的食品安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，構(gòu)成。---監(jiān)管對象：負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管州際流通的所有國產(chǎn)和進口食品，包裝要求和HACCP計劃。漁船、加工廠和零售企業(yè)進行檢查并認(rèn)證。符合聯(lián)邦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和產(chǎn)品等級。凡是符合水產(chǎn)品檢查計劃的水產(chǎn)。這兩類機構(gòu)分工明確，各負(fù)其責(zé)，構(gòu)是美國HACCP體系政府管理的主力軍。HACCP法規(guī)同時適于管理國產(chǎn)食品和進口食品，

　　

【正文】 ,對考試合格的官員簽發(fā)培訓(xùn)證書 ,從而統(tǒng)一了檢查的程序 、 技術(shù)要求 ， 從宏觀角度有效地控制了管理官員的業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì) ,使所制定的法規(guī)能通過管理官員的日常工作 ,得到具體實施 。 管理官員的培訓(xùn)及其客觀效果成為 HACCP宏觀政策實施的組織基礎(chǔ) ， 成為宏觀政策管理成敗的標(biāo)志 。 參考文獻 (1) ［ 1］ U. S. Food and Drug Safety: A Team Approach. Available at inter ［ 2］ National Seafood HACCP Alliance for Training and Education， Analysis and Critical Control Point Training Curriculum. Available at inter ［ 3］ Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles and Application Guidelines. Available at inter ［ 4］ U. S. Food and Drug Safety: A Team Approach. Available at inter ［ 5］ Food and Drug Administration. Code of Federal CFR Part 113 .Available at inter site: ［ 6］ Food and Drug Administration. Code of Federal CFR Part 123 .Available at inter site: 參考文獻 (2) ［ 7］ USDA FSIS. 9CFR Part 304， et al. Pathogen Reduction； Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) Systems. Available at inter site:. ［ 8］ Food and Drug Administration. Refusal of Inspection or Access to HACCP Records Pertaining to the Safe and Sanitary Processing of Fish and Fishery Products. Available at inter site: ［ 9］ Food and Drug Administration. Code of Federal CFR Part 120 .Available at inter site: ［ 10］ Food and Drug Food Code， Annex 5 HACCP Guidelines， .Available at inter site: ［ 11］ Food and Drug Administration. October 2020.. HACCP: A StateoftheArt Approach to Food Safety. Available at inter site: ［ 12］ U. S. Food and Drug Administration， Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition ， Office of Seafood. February 13， ’s Seafood HACCP Program: MidCourse Correction. Available at inter site: 參考文獻 (3) ［ 13］ U. S. Food and Drug Administration， Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition， Office of Seafood. December 8， 2020. FDA39。s Evaluation of the Seafood HACCP Program for 1998/1999. Available at inter site： ［ 14］ United States General Accounting Office. January Safety，F(xiàn)ederal Oversight of Seafood Does not Sufficiently Protect Consumer. Available at inter site: ［ 15］ U. S. Food and Drug Administration. January 18， 2020. FDA PUBLISHES FINAL RULE TO INCREASE SAFETY OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE JUICES .Available at inter site: ［ 16］ Food and Drug Administration.， . September October 1998， revised May Controls for Juice Safety. Available at inter site: . 參考文獻 (4) ［ 17］ Food and Drug Administration.， . July 1， Compliance Program. Import Acidified and LowAcid Canned Foods ， Available at inter site: ［ 18］ CNCA. FDA全面解除對中國蘑菇罐頭的“自動扣留” . Available at inter site: ［ 19］ Food and Drug Administration， . Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition， Office of Seafood. March 1997. Seafood HACCP Regulator Training Program ［ 20］ Food and Drug Administration. December 1990. Getting Information from FDA， Available at inter site: ［ 21］ FDA/CFSAN Outreach and Information Center. May 15， 2020. CFSAN’s Outreach and Information Center Available at inter site: ［ 22］ Food and Drug Administration. March 3， 2020. Guidance for Industry， Juice HACCP Hazards and Controls Guidance， First Edition. Available at inter site: 參考文獻 (5) ［ 23］ Food and Drug Administration. June for Industry， Standardized Training Curriculum for Application of HACCP Principles to Juice Processing， FINAL GUIDANCE Available at inter site: ［ 24］ Food and Drug Administration. September 2020. Juice HACCP Regulator Training . Available at inter site: ［ 25］ Food and Drug Administration. June 2020. USDA/FDA HACCP Training Programs and Resource Materials Database. Available at inter site: ： //［ 26］ SEAFOOD HACCP ALLIANCE FOR EDUCATION AND AND TRAINING .Available at inter site: 參考文獻 (6) ［ 27］ SEAFOOD HACCP ALLIANCE FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING. November :Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Training Curriculum. Available at inter site: ［ 28］ SEAFOOD HACCP ALLIANCE FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING. Compendium of Fish and Fishery Product Processing， Hazards and Controls. Available at inter site: ［ 29］ SEAFOOD HACCP ALLIANCE FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING. Sanitation Control Procedures for Processing Fish and Fishery Products Manual Seafood HACCP Alliance Available at inter site: ［ 30］ Anthony Lopez， Complete Course in Canning， Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blackburg， 熱烈祝賀第三屆HACCP論文研討會在北京成功召開 謝 謝