【正文】 e used water from toilets（廁所）, bathtubs and other places. To keep mice（老鼠） and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbishfilled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you39。d never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump. In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal（金屬）. The mental can be reused and recycled. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles（堆） where they slowly change into something called humans, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.（1）You can mostly probably read the passage in _____________. A.a science bookB.a TV guideC.a history bookD.a telephone book（2）According to the passage, the right order is _____________. ① A house or a school may be built there.② The rubbish is collected and taken to a dump.③ Grass is planted on the rubbishedfilled earth.④ The rubbish dump is covered with some earth.A.②④①③B.③①④②C.①④③②D.②④③①（3）How should we take care of a used metal box according to the passage? A.By burning it off.B.By putting it in water.C.By throwing it away.D.By reusing and recycling it.（4）The main idea of the passage is __________. A.to let us know taking away rubbish is a big jobB.to explain the need or rubbish collectionC.to introduce different ways to treat rubbishD.to tell people to take useful things out of rubbish【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）D（4）D 【解析】備注：4，答案是C 【分析】 本文是如何處理城市垃圾的科普小論文，主要講述了城市如何處理垃圾。 （1）推理題。本文是關(guān)于如何處理城市垃圾的小論文，故應(yīng)在科普書中涉及，故選A。 （2）推理題。通讀整篇短文可知，第一，二段是總體概述垃圾被收集并運(yùn)到垃圾場(chǎng)，垃圾場(chǎng)覆蓋著地面，3段講述了草種在滿是亂石的土地上， 在那里可能建房子或?qū)W校。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)圖可知選項(xiàng)D正確，故選D。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of meta可知金屬類的垃圾可以回收再利用。故選D。 （4）主旨題。 通過全文后可知本篇文章主要是介紹處理垃圾的不同方式 ，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，和主旨題3種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。16．閱讀理解 Wele to London! Now let me tell you something about this wonderful city. London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is the biggest city in Western Europe with over 7 million people. It sits by the River Thames. London has a history of more than 2, 000 years. Because of its long history and different cultures, London is a very famous city in the world. People all over the world are familiar with the city39。s red doubledecker（雙層的）buses and black taxis. People The British Empire used to（過去常常）rule around the world, so many people from around the world moved to London. They have brought with them their own languages and cultures. More than 300 different languages are spoken in London. Culture London is known for its museums. One important museum is British Museum. It is the oldest public museum in the world. There are two main art museums in London the National Gallery and the Tate Gallery. Besides, London is also home to arts, such as theater and music. The Globe Theater, which was popular in the late16th and 17th centuries, was opened for performances of William Shakespeare39。s plays. Tourist attractions London has many wonderful places to visit. For example, the wellknown Clock Tower, a 320foothightower, was called the Big Ben. Another famous London building is Buckingham Palace. The members of royal（皇家的）family of England live there. Besides, Hyde Park is the largest open area in central London. （1）What39。s the population of London? A.Less than 7 million.B.Only 7 million.C.More than 7 million.D.Nearly 7 million.（2）How many museums are there in London according to the passage? A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.（3）The members of royal family of England live in. A.the big BenB.Buckingham PalaceC.Hyde ParkD.British Museum（4）Which of the following is NOT mentioned（提及）in the passage? A.The location of London.B.The history of London.C.The interesting places in London.D.The food in London.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章從人口，文化和旅游景點(diǎn)三方面介紹了英國(guó)的首都—倫敦。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is the biggest city in Western Europe with over 7 million people. 可知，倫敦有七百多萬(wàn)人口，故答案是C。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) One important museum is British Museum. It is the oldest public museum in the world. There are two main art museums in London the National Gallery and the Tate Gallery. 可知倫敦有世界上最古老的公共博物館和兩個(gè)主要的藝術(shù)博物館，一共三個(gè)博物館，故答案是B。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) Another famous London building is Buckingham Palace. The members of royal（皇家的）family of England live there.可知英國(guó)皇室的人住在白金漢宮，故答案是B。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，文章主要從人們、文化和旅游景點(diǎn)介紹倫敦的，沒有涉及到倫敦的美食，故答案是D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，本文涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題一般比較簡(jiǎn)單，可以直接在文章中找到答案。