管理哲學(xué)專(zhuān)題ppt課件(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-06 22:30 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 es chosen for specific reasons Qualitative research methods ? Participant observation (參與者觀察 ) ? document analysis（實(shí)物分析） ? Indepth interviews（深度訪談） ? Focus groups（焦點(diǎn)小組） 收集定性研究的數(shù)據(jù)的形式：現(xiàn)場(chǎng)記錄（ field notes） , audio and sometimes video (音頻或視頻 )， recording (錄音 )， transcripts (筆錄 )。 Comparing Quantitative and Qualitative Research What are the basic differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods? ? their analytical objectives ? the types of questions they pose ? the types of data collection instruments they use ? the forms of data they produce ? the degree of flexibility built into study design Quantitative research Qualitative research General frame work Seek to confirm hypotheses about phnomena Seek to explore phenomena Researcher Independent outsider The cocreator with participant of the research Research process Hypotheses and deductions Gathering data from which ideas are induced Research design Standardized, structured。 Use high structured methods as questionnaires, surveys, and structured observation. Flexible。 Using semistructured methods such as indepth interviews,focus groups and participants observation Question format Closedended Openended Data format Numerical textual Sampling requires Large number of samples selected randomly Small number of cases chosen for specific reasons Generalization through Statistical probability Theoretical abstraction Research goal causal determination, prediction and generalities of findings illumination, understanding, and extrapolation to similar situations 定性和定量研究最主要的差別 ? 定性和定量分析的最重要的差別就是兩者的靈活性（flexibility） . 通常，定量分析是不靈活的。按照定量分析的方法，比如調(diào)查或者問(wèn)卷，研究者會(huì)按照一致的順序來(lái)問(wèn)所有的被調(diào)查者設(shè)計(jì)好的問(wèn)題。 ? 而定性研究是比較靈活的，也就說(shuō)它容許研究者和被試之間存在更多的自發(fā)性和適應(yīng)性。 ? 研究者和被試之間的關(guān)系在定性研究較為非正式。參與者有機(jī)會(huì)更完整地，更深入地回答問(wèn)題，同時(shí)研究者可以根據(jù)參與者的回答來(lái)調(diào)整后面的問(wèn)題。 ? 需要注意的是，定性和定量研究都需要掌握靈活性的度，來(lái)保證研究的科學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。 定性研究的優(yōu)勢(shì) ?可以發(fā)掘參與者的文化背景 ?研究結(jié)果不在研究者的預(yù)測(cè)之內(nèi) ?可以對(duì)研究提供豐富的解釋 ?可以作為定量研究的深度研究，或者大型研究的初期研究 ?可以填補(bǔ)很多國(guó)際學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域的空白 幾種定性研究方法 ?Interviewing ?Focused group ?Case study ?Ground theory Interviewing ? The main task in interviewing is to understand the meaning of what the interviewees say. (Kvale,1996) ? A qualitative research interview seeks to cover both a factual and a meaning level, though it is usually more difficult to interview on a meaning level. (Kvale,1996) ? Interviews are particularly useful for getting the story behind a participant’s experiences. The interviewer can pursue indepth information around the topic. Interviews may be useful
公司管理相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1