【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible （看見）. Her window was clean! It dawned on me. I had been criticizing （批評） her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window. That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at others through the dirty window of my heart? Since then, whenever I wanted to judge （評判） someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.（1）The writer couldn39。t see everything clearly through the window because __________. A.the woman39。s window was dirtyB.the writer39。s window was dirtyC.the woman lived nearbyD.the writer was nearsighted（2）The writer was surprised that _________. A.the woman was sitting by her windowB.the woman39。s window was still terribleC.the woman did cleaning in the afternoonD.the woman39。s window was clean（3）“It dawned on me” probably means “_______”. A.I began to understand itB.it cheered me upC.I knew it grew lightD.it began to get dark（4）It39。s clear that ________. A.the writer had never met the woman beforeB.the writer often washed the windowC.they both worked as cleanersD.they lived in a small town（5）From the passage, we can learn _______. A.one shouldn39。t criticize others very oftenB.one should often make his windows cleanC.one must judge himself before he judges othersD.one must look at others through his dirty windows.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文通過作者親身經(jīng)歷的一個(gè)故事：通過自己的臟窗戶看鄰居時(shí)，總在想為什么鄰居不擦干凈窗戶，直到自己擦干凈自己窗戶時(shí)，才恍然大悟。告訴人們：不要通過自己的狹小去評價(jià)別人。（1）推理判斷題。題意：作者通過窗戶看不清一切是因?yàn)槭裁?？A. the woman39。s window was dirty那位婦女的窗戶是臟的；B. the writer39。s window was dirty作者的窗戶是臟的；C. the woman lived nearby那位婦女住在附近；D. the writer was nearsighted作者近視了。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，作者把自己的窗戶擦干凈后，就可以看清楚一切了，說明是作者的窗戶是臟的。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：作者對什么感到驚奇？A. the woman was sitting by her window那位婦女坐在窗戶邊；B. the woman39。s window was ；C. the woman did cleaning in the afternoon那位婦女在下午做了掃除；D. the woman39。s window was still terrible那位婦女的窗戶還很糟。由文中的：What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean! 可知，作者在擦干凈自己的窗戶時(shí)，驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)那位婦女的窗戶是干凈的。故選D。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)后句I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty 作者突然明白了一個(gè)道理，頓悟。所以選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二行There was a woman lived there, and I had never met her,有一個(gè)女人住在哪兒，我從沒見過她?？芍xA（5）主旨大意題。該文章的中心思想：在判斷別人如何之前，先看看自己。whenever I wanted to judge （評判） someone, I asked myself first, 所以選C?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考查故事性閱讀。要求考生在閱讀和理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對文章做出歸納、概括或評價(jià)。此類考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對段落（或短文）的主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的。解這種題目時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，比如涉及文章的標(biāo)題、主題、結(jié)論、結(jié)局等有關(guān)問題，都需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識、背景知識、生活常識、專業(yè)知識進(jìn)行邏輯思維推理判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)含的信息。6．閱讀短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的最佳答案。B We are excited when we reach our goals, and at that moment we laugh, clap, even are over the moon. Without doubt, good results make us joyful. However, we can not always get what we want and be the winner all the time. Some people can39。t help doubting, Are our efforts in vain? The answer is No. We should remember that we are not only measured by how many goals we39。ve reached, but also by how we39。ve acted, which means the process（過程）is also important. Here is an example. Fruit is delicious. It takes trees a long time to bear it. In the process of growing, trees have to suffer from bad weather, insect bites and also intentional destruction（故意破壞） from human beings. So it is with us. Our life is like a journey. At the beginning, we set a destination（目標(biāo)）, dreaming of it every night, but we should never forget that we spend most of our time on the journey. Unfortunately, many people only plain about the failure and then give up hope. In fact, it is failure that teaches us to be brave and stand on our own feet. I myself deeply believe that only those who have experienced a lot can own the highlyvalued character。 only those who have taken a lot of adventures can have the chance to succeed. As the saying goes, No pains, no gains. We are still young, still full of energy, so why are we afraid of failure and why do we hesitate（猶豫） to take an adventure? Young men, let39。s forget results, leave out pains, and just look forward and don39。t miss any chance on the journey!（1）Reaching our goals will make us ________.A.laugh at othersB.be over the moonC.asset another goalD.forget our efforts（2）What does the underlined phrase in vain mean in Chinese?A.值得B.益處C.高效D.徒勞（3）The writer gives an example of fruit in order to say _________.A.fruit is deliciousB.people can also suffer a lot in life C.it39。s hard for a tree to bear fruitD.we should grow trees to get good fruit（4）Only those who __________ will get the good character.A.have gone through a lotB.work very hardC.believe that things will be better and betterD.16