【正文】 City 對水質(zhì)和空氣質(zhì)量的影響 impact on the quality of the water and the air 治理環(huán)境污染 curb environmental pollution。bring the pollution under control工業(yè)固體廢物 industrial solid wastes 白色污染 white pollution(by using and littering of nondegradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway biodegradable plastic bags 放射性廢料積存 accumulation of radioactive waste 有機(jī)污染物 organic pollutants 氰化物、砷、汞排放 cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged 鉛、鎘、六價(jià)鉻 lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium 城市垃圾無害化處理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse 垃圾填埋場 refuse landfill 垃圾焚化廠 refuse incinerator 防止過度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation 森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation 水土流失 water and soil erosion 土壤鹽堿化 soil alkalization 農(nóng)藥殘留 pesticide residue 水土保持 conservation of water and soil 生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè) environmentfriendly agriculture。ecoagriculture 水資源保護(hù)區(qū) water resource conservation zone 海水淡化 sea water desalinization保護(hù)珊瑚礁、紅樹林和漁業(yè)資源 protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource 綠化祖國 turn the country green 全民義務(wù)植樹日 National TreePlanting Day 造林工程 afforestation project 綠化面積 afforested areas。greening space 森林覆蓋率 forest coverage 防風(fēng)林 wind breaks（防沙林 sand breaks）速生林 fastgrowing trees降低資源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation開發(fā)可再生資源 develop renewable resources 環(huán)保產(chǎn)品 environmentfriendly products 自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve 野生動(dòng)植物 wild fauna and flora 保護(hù)生存環(huán)境 conserve natural habitats 瀕危野生動(dòng)物 endangered wildlife珍稀瀕危物種繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center 自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng) natural ecosystems 防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙）desertification 環(huán)境負(fù)荷 carrying capacity of environment 三廢綜合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes 先天與后天，遺傳與環(huán)境 naturenurture 美化環(huán)境 landscaping design for environmental purposes 防止沿海地帶不可逆轉(zhuǎn)惡化 protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation 環(huán)境惡化 environmental degradation 城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization 溫飽型農(nóng)業(yè) subsistence agriculture 貧困的惡性循環(huán) vicious cycle of poverty 大氣監(jiān)測系統(tǒng) atmospheric monitoring system 空氣污染濃度 air pollution concentration 酸雨、越境空氣污染 acid rain and Tran boundary air pollution 二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide(SO2)emissions 懸浮顆粒物 suspended particles 工業(yè)粉塵排放 industrial dust discharged 煙塵排放 soot emissions 二氧化氮 nitrate dioxide(NO2)礦物燃料（煤、石油、天然氣）fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas 清潔能源 clean energy 汽車尾氣排放 motor vehicle exhaust 尾氣凈化器 exhaust purifier 無鉛汽油 leadfree gasoline 天然氣汽車 gasfueled vehicles 電動(dòng)汽車 celldriven vehicles。battery cars 氯氟烴 CFCs 溫室效應(yīng) greenhouse effect 厄爾尼諾南徊 ENSO(El Nino Southern Oscillation)噪音 noise（分貝 db。decibel）化學(xué)需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一個(gè)指標(biāo)）COD；chemical oxygen demand 生物需氧量 BOD。biological oxygen demand 工業(yè)廢水處理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents 城市污水處理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage 集中處理廠 centralized treatment plant 紅潮 red tide(rapid propagation of sea algae第五篇：高級口譯試卷材料第一單元1．今晚公司總經(jīng)理將設(shè)宴為您洗塵，請您攜家人一起光臨。Our managing director will host a reception banquet in your honor tonight, and we would like you and your family to e to the dinner this evening to meet our managing ．您在生活或工作中若有不盡如人意之處，請立即和我聯(lián)系，我很樂意為您排憂解難。If you should encounter any inconveniences in your life and work, do not hesitate to let me know and I will be very glad to help you ．我為能在上海接待您和您的家人身感愉快，我很高興我們能在今后的半年里合作共事。我們將給您配備兩名實(shí)驗(yàn)助手。必要時(shí)，我們還想邀請您的一名同事一起參加我們的一項(xiàng)研究工作。It gives me such a great pleasure to meet you and your family here in Shanghai and I39。m very glad that you will be working with us for the next six 39。ll provide you with two lab assistants and if necessary, we would like to invite one of your associates to join ．您若愿意的話，我們想把你們先安排在地處市中心的假日酒店下榻，從假日酒店開車40分鐘可到我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。If you don’t mind, we’d like to acmodate you(put you up)at the Holiday Inn, which is located in the downtown area, a fortyminutes drive from our ． Back in my college days, a professor of Oriental Civilization introduced me to the wealth of the Confucianism and Taoism, and by doing that he planted in the depths of my mind the inexplicable “China dream”.我大學(xué)時(shí)期有一位教東方文明史的教授，他使我對博大精深的中國儒家思想和道家學(xué)說有所了解，同時(shí)也使我萌生了一種難以言表的“中國夢”。2． Our guest house, a small familystyle apartment building, is also available to you if you decide to move out of the guesthouse is located in Zhangjiang HighTech Park of Pudong on the other side of Huangpu River, a beautiful and peaceful environment that has never failed to attract any ，你們也可以搬到公司的招待所去住，我們的招待所是一幢家庭式的公寓小樓，地處浦東張江高科技園區(qū)，環(huán)境優(yōu)美安寧，人見人愛。3． Of course, I will work closely with my Chinese colleagues on my research projects, through which I believe I will realize my “China dream” in the most rewarding ，我一定會與中國同事密切合作，盡力搞好我們的研究項(xiàng)目，我認(rèn)為這樣做能最有成效地實(shí)現(xiàn)我的中國夢。4． All these years I have been looking forward to visiting this great and legendary country, and I feel honored and pleased that I will be working with my Chinese colleagues in the head office of your automobile ，同時(shí)我為自己能夠在貴汽車集團(tuán)的總部所在地和中國同事合作共事而感到榮幸和愉快。第二單元1．我此時(shí)的心情可以用孔子在《論語》中的一句話來表達(dá)：“有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎?！?A remark in The Analects of Confucius can best express what I feel now, “It is such a delight to have friends ing from afar!” 2．近代中國經(jīng)歷了一段積貧積弱、任人宰割的歷史。落后就要挨打，這是中國人民從屢遭外來侵略的悲慘經(jīng)歷中得出的刻骨銘心的教訓(xùn)。China experienced a period of enduring impoverishment and longstanding debility in its modern history and was for a time at the mercy of other behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks, which is the neverforgotten lesson the Chinese people have learnt from their tragic experience of repeated foreign ．中華人民共和國成立后，中國人民自力更生、改革開放、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，在社會主義建設(shè)中取得了舉世矚目的偉大成就Since the founding of the People39。s Republic of China, the Chinese people, through selfreliance, have carried out the national program of reform and opening up and, by keeping pace with the times, have made great achievements in building socialism that have caught the attention of the ．但是，我們必須清楚地看到，中國仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家，社會生產(chǎn)力水平總的還比較低，仍然處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段，還需要經(jīng)過幾十年的艱苦奮斗才能建成小康社會，實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族的偉大復(fù)興。However, we must be fully aware of the fact that China is still a developing country with a low level of productivity on the whole, and it is still at the primary stage of building socialism and will remain so for many years to will take decades of persistent and hard work to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and to achieve our great nati