【正文】 面翻譯。有些成語(yǔ)的比喻形象是譯文讀者所不能接受的。如果把“眉飛色舞”死譯成“his eyebrows are flying and his countenance is dancing，這勢(shì)必會(huì)貽笑大方，使譯文讀者不知所云，莫明其妙。我們可根據(jù)該成語(yǔ)的實(shí)際意義靈活地翻譯成“to beam with joy”。再看下面的譯例： 1)粗枝大葉to be crude and careless(死譯：with big branches and large leaves、2)無(wú)孔不入to take advantage of every weakness(死譯：to get into every hole)3)揚(yáng)眉吐氣to feel proud and elated(死譯：to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath)4)燈紅酒綠dissipated and luxurious(死譯：with red lights and green wine)5)紙醉金迷(a life of)luxury and dissipation(死譯：with drunken paper and bewitched gold)6)開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山to e straight to the point(死譯：to open the door and see the mountain)7)單槍匹馬to be singlehanded in doing sth(死譯：with a solitary spear and a single horse)8)大張旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale(死譯：to make a great array of flags and drums)9)海闊天空(to talk)at random(死譯：with a vast sea and a boundless sky)10)風(fēng)雨飄搖(of a situation)being unstable(死譯：The wind and rain are rocking．)有一部分漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)帶著一定的中國(guó)文化背景，有的成語(yǔ)在字面上就含有中國(guó)古代的人名、地名，有的出自寓言或歷史的典故。對(duì)這部分成語(yǔ)，字面翻譯是無(wú)法為外國(guó)讀者所接受的。如加上許多解釋性文字，就失去了成語(yǔ)精粹的特點(diǎn)。我們最好的辦法就是繞開(kāi)其文化背景，譯出其真正的內(nèi)涵意義。1)毛遂自薦to volunteer one39。s service(毛遂——戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期人名)2)葉公好龍professed love of what one really fears(葉公——中國(guó)古代傳說(shuō)中的人名)3)東施效顰crude imitation with ludicrous effect(東施——中國(guó)古代一丑女的名字)4)南柯一夢(mèng)a fond dream or illusory joy(南柯——中國(guó)古代傳說(shuō)夢(mèng)中地名)5)四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides(楚——戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期國(guó)名)6)錙銖必較to haggle over every penny(錙銖——中國(guó)古代重量單位)7)罄竹難書(shū)(of crimes)too numerous to mention(竹——中國(guó)等國(guó)紙發(fā)明以前寫(xiě)字用的竹簡(jiǎn))8)初出茅廬at the beginning of one39。s career(此典故出自《三國(guó)演義》)9)傾城傾國(guó)to be exceedingly beautiful(此典故出自《漢書(shū)》)10)懸梁刺股to be extremely hardworking in one39。s study(此典故出自《戰(zhàn)國(guó)策》和《漢書(shū)》)有許多漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)在意義上是對(duì)等的，我們可用英語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)來(lái)翻譯這部分漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)，給譯文讀者一種生動(dòng)感和親切感。如：1)小題大做make a mountain out of a molehill 2)赴湯蹈火go through fire and water 3)洗心革面turn over a new leaf 4)七顛八倒at sixes and sevens 5)橫行霸道throw one39。s weight about 6)大發(fā)雷霆blow one39。s top 7)過(guò)河拆橋kick down the ladder 8)乳臭未干be wet behind the ears 9)格格不入be like square pegs in round holes 10)魂不附體jump out of one39。s skin還有這種情況，多條詞義漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)里的任何一條可用對(duì)等的多條同義英語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)中的任何一條來(lái)翻譯。如：左右為難 between the devil and the deep sea 進(jìn)退維谷 stick in the mud 騎虎難下 between the horns of a dilemma 左支右絀 between two fires 跋前躓后 in a fix(dilemma／quandary／predicament)羝羊觸藩 in a cleft stick 不上不下 at a nonplus ．進(jìn)退兩難 hold a wolf by the ears 無(wú)所適從 with one39。s back to the wall 莫衷一是_ between Scylla and Charybdis 總而言之，翻譯漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保留原文形象，能直譯則盡量直譯，即按字面翻譯。不能直譯時(shí)，我們不能因詞害義，應(yīng)該翻譯其實(shí)際意義。如能在英文中找到意義完全對(duì)等的成語(yǔ)，我們也可采用這種套譯法。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，正規(guī)文體中，漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)多采用形象的逐字翻譯，非正規(guī)文體中，多采用簡(jiǎn)潔的大意翻譯。第五篇：口譯材料一、2010胡錦濤新年祝詞英文節(jié)選The New Year39。s bell is about to ring, and 2010 is soon to this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, and via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television, I39。m delighted to extend New Year wishes to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to patriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world!中文選譯新年的鐘聲就要敲響，2010年的帷幕即將拉開(kāi)。在這辭舊迎新的美好時(shí)刻，我很高興通過(guò)中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播電臺(tái)、中央人民廣播電臺(tái)和中央電視臺(tái)，向全國(guó)各族人民，向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門(mén)特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，向世界各國(guó)的朋友們，致以新年的祝福！二、胡錦濤:慶祝新中國(guó)成立60周年講話2009年10月1日上午10時(shí)，首都各界慶祝中華人民共和國(guó)成立60周年大會(huì)在北京舉行，天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)舉行了隆重的大閱兵和群眾游行活動(dòng)。中共中央總書(shū)記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席胡錦濤檢閱受閱部隊(duì)后，在天安門(mén)城樓上發(fā)表重要講話。英文節(jié)選On behalf of the CPC Central Committee, the National People39。s Congress, the State Council, the Chinese People39。s Political Consultative Conference and the Central Military Commission, I hereby pay tribute to all the revolutionary pioneers of older generations and martyrs who made great contributions to realizing national independence and liberation of the people, the country’s prosperity and strength and happy life of the send warm congratulations to people from all ethnic groups in the country and patriotic patriots from home and abroad, and express heartfelt thanks to the friends from other countries who care about and support China39。s 、口譯短語(yǔ)積累revisiting the past will gibe people new inspirations溫故知新 wealth gap貧富差距 research results研究結(jié)果