環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估的原則培訓(xùn)課件-資料下載頁
2025-02-06 19:36本頁面
【正文】 認(rèn)對非目標(biāo)生物 體活性和危害性的預(yù)測范圍 ? Selection of appropriate surrogate species for testing should consider activity profile, host crop, and environment where deployed 為測試選擇合適的替代品種需要考慮活性描述 ,宿主農(nóng) 作物和種植的環(huán)境 examples of ecotoxicity tests and supporting ecological data 生態(tài)毒性測試的例子和支持的生態(tài)數(shù)據(jù) ? core 核心的 ? acute avian 鳥類 ? acute fish 魚類 ? acute invertebrate 無脊椎動(dòng)物 ? honey bee larvae 蜜蜂的幼蟲 ? parasitic hymenoptera 寄生的膜翅目昆蟲 ? lady beetle 甲蟲 ? collembola 跳蟲 ? soil degradation 土壤變質(zhì) ? supplemental 補(bǔ)充的 ? activity spectrum 活性范圍 ? acute mammalian 哺乳動(dòng)物 ? chronic avian 鳥類 ? earthworm 蚯蚓 ? butterfly 蝴蝶 ? field census 田地普查 ? field fate 田地災(zāi)禍 ? others … 其他 ... Exposure 暴露 ? On the basis of expression data determine 在表達(dá)式數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上決定 ? High End Exposure Estimates (HEEE) in plant tissues, and 農(nóng)作物組織的高端暴露估計(jì) (HEEE) ? Estimated Environmental Concentrations (EEC) in soil and water 土壤和水的預(yù)測的環(huán)境濃度 (EEC) ? Use for parison against hazard testing results (multi species ecotoxicity tests) 被用來和危害測試結(jié)果作比較 (多品種生態(tài)毒性測試 ) ? Exposure estimates are meant to represent the upper bound (90th percentile) of reasonably anticipated environmental concentrations 暴露預(yù)測是用來代表對環(huán)境濃度合理期望的上限 (90%) Risk = f (hazard, exposure) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn) = 函數(shù) (危害 , 暴露 ) ? Quantitatively describe risk as a function of exposure and hazard 定量地把風(fēng)險(xiǎn)定義為暴露和危害的函數(shù) ? For GE crops this is typically done by considering the relationship of the limit dose used in ecotoxicity studies to the appropriate HEEE or EEC 對于轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物 , 函數(shù)可通過分析生態(tài)毒性測試 使用的限制劑量和適當(dāng)?shù)母叨吮┞豆烙?jì)或者預(yù)測的環(huán)境 濃度之間的關(guān)系來確定 confirmation of the adequacy of risk characterization 確認(rèn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)描述的充分性 ? correspondence of product specific results 產(chǎn)品特定結(jié)果的一致性 ? with general understanding for the donor, host, and product class being considered 對供給者 ,宿主和所考慮的產(chǎn)品類型的一般理解 ? internal consistency/directional correctness 內(nèi)部的一致性 / 定向的正確性 ? of overall product and risk characterization 總體的產(chǎn)品和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)描述 ? ability to characterize hazard at or above environmentally relevant exposure concentrations 描述不低于和環(huán)境相關(guān)的暴露濃度的危害特征的能力 ? confirmatory data (if available) from field studies 田間研究所獲得的確認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù) (如果有的話 ) ? conservatism of the risk conclusion is in keeping with the degree of uncertainty 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)結(jié)論的保守性與不確定度保持一致 ? The ERA framework 環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估的框架 ? enables a focused, objective sciencebased process 建立一個(gè)有針對性的 , 客觀的 , 科學(xué)的過程 ? ERA framework as applied to GEOs 環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估的框架被應(yīng)用于轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物中 ? has been sufficiently flexible to deal with concerns surrounding biotechnology 非常靈活可以用來解決很多和生物技術(shù)有關(guān)的事物 ? Problem formulation mon data elements for the ERA 問題的定義和環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估涉及的常用數(shù)據(jù)元素 ? Constrain and focus the risk assessment to consequential concerns (‘real risks’) 把風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估限制和集中在重要的方面 (‘真正的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)’ ) Conclusions 結(jié)論 演講完畢，謝謝觀看！
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