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to pursue ? The motivation of members to achieve the objectives ? The mutual trust and cooperation of members Managerial Roles ? The anization of work activities ? The development of member skills and confidence ? The learning and sharing of new knowledge by member ? The enlistment of support and cooperation from outsiders Four Primary Processes (Yukl, p. 41) Decision making Influencing Building relationships Exchanging information Demand, constraints, choice, situations Realities (1) ? Pace of work is hectic and unrelenting ? Content of work is varied and fragmented ? Many activities are reactive ? Interactions often involves peers and outsides ? Many interactions involves oral munication Realities (2) ? Decision processes are disorderly and political ? Most planning is informal and adaptive 應(yīng)用:毛、鄧的例子 毛澤東 ? 早期 –勢和素質(zhì) –對象(勢和素質(zhì)) –情景(法) –術(shù) 應(yīng)用 ? 中期 –勢和素質(zhì) –對象(勢和素質(zhì)) –情景(法) –術(shù) 應(yīng)用 ? 晚期 –勢和素質(zhì) –對象(勢和素質(zhì)) –情景(法) –術(shù) 應(yīng)用 鄧小平 ? 勢和素質(zhì) ? 對象(勢和素質(zhì)) ? 情景(法) ? 術(shù)