【正文】 D．主管人員 2．基層管理者常用的控制方法是（ ）。 A．培訓(xùn) B．直接監(jiān)督或巡查 C．股票期權(quán) D．人 事調(diào)整 3．人事調(diào)整的目的是（ ） A．企業(yè)效率最大化 B．企業(yè)利潤最大化 C．保證工作或任務(wù)的完成 D．節(jié)約成本 4．進(jìn)行質(zhì)量控制，首先應(yīng)該掌握（ ）。 A．成本收益分析法 B．供應(yīng)鏈管理方法 C．全面質(zhì)量管理方法 D．預(yù)算控制 5．對于營利性組織來說，（ ）是提高組織經(jīng)濟(jì)效益或獲取價(jià)格優(yōu)勢的基本途徑。 A．質(zhì)量管理 B．降低成本 C．采購控制 D．產(chǎn)品控制 6．確定目標(biāo)成本的方法中，（ ）是以組織在長期的實(shí)踐過程中確定的各項(xiàng)勞動定額、消耗定額為基礎(chǔ)制定的目標(biāo)成本。 A．歷史成本法 B．計(jì)劃法 C．定量法 D．定額法 7．對供應(yīng)商的評價(jià)中，（ ）主要涉及的是供應(yīng)商響應(yīng)買房需求變化的能力。 A．技術(shù)能力 B．服 務(wù)能力 C．協(xié)同能力 D．供應(yīng)能力 8．（ ）是指以組織整體為范圍，涉及組織所有收入或支出項(xiàng)目的總的預(yù)算。 A．部門預(yù)算 B．收入預(yù)算 C．剛性預(yù)算 D．總預(yù)算 9．（ ）控制能夠反映企業(yè)的資金周轉(zhuǎn)情況，進(jìn)而使管理者了解企業(yè)的經(jīng)營管理水平。 A．流動性 B．運(yùn)營能力 C．損益 D．成本 10．（ ）反應(yīng)企業(yè)資產(chǎn)創(chuàng)造利潤的效率。 A．銷售利潤率 B．產(chǎn)品合格率 C．固定資產(chǎn)折舊率 D．投資收益率 二、多項(xiàng)選擇 1．人員控制系統(tǒng)的功能主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面（ ）。 A．明確任務(wù)及偏差的責(zé)任人 B．為崗位或任務(wù)配備合適的人員 C．合理安排薪酬 D．調(diào)動員工士氣，提高員工的執(zhí)行能力和自我控制能力 2．一 般來說，對作業(yè)系統(tǒng)的控制主要圍繞（ ）等問題展開。 A．利潤 B．質(zhì)量 C．成本 D．采購 3．單位產(chǎn)品的總成本一般由兩部分構(gòu)成：（ ）。 A．單位成本 B．固定成本 C．平均成本 D．可變成本 4．根據(jù)不同的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，預(yù)算可以劃分為不同的類別，包括（ ）。 A．剛性預(yù)算和彈性預(yù)算 B．采購預(yù)算和成本預(yù)算 C．收入預(yù)算和支出預(yù)算 D．總預(yù)算和部門預(yù)算 5．零基預(yù)算的程序包括（ ）。 A．建立預(yù)算目標(biāo)體系 B．逐項(xiàng)審查預(yù)算 C．編制預(yù)算 D．排定各項(xiàng)目、各部門的優(yōu)先順序 6．從組織層次上來看，績效可以劃分為（ ）。 A．員工個(gè)人績效 B．部門績效 C．全面績效 D．董事會績效 三、判斷正誤 1．人員控制系統(tǒng)的控制主體是各級管理者。招聘、培訓(xùn)、報(bào)酬、績效考評等工作主要由人事部門負(fù)責(zé)。（ ） 2．授權(quán)是指上級把自己的職權(quán)授給下屬，使下屬擁有相當(dāng)?shù)淖灾鳈?quán)和行動權(quán)。（ ） 3．培訓(xùn)效果的好壞在很大程度上取決于培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇。（ ） 4．質(zhì)量不僅僅是指服務(wù)質(zhì)量，還包括產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、管理質(zhì)量、成本控制質(zhì)量、組織內(nèi)部不同部門之間相互服務(wù)和寫作的質(zhì)量等。（ ） 5．全面質(zhì)量管理強(qiáng)調(diào)，在不同環(huán)節(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)的有關(guān)信息要盡可能在組織內(nèi)部共享，以利于共同提高產(chǎn)品 質(zhì)量。（ ） 6．在作業(yè)系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)出一定的情況下，成本費(fèi)用越高，作業(yè)系統(tǒng)的效率越高。（ ） 7．采購控制的一項(xiàng)重要工作就是對輸入品進(jìn)行評價(jià)和挑選，以確保輸入品的質(zhì)量、數(shù)量和建立穩(wěn)定的購銷關(guān)系。（ ） 8．員工個(gè)人績效與組織資源條件、業(yè)務(wù)流程和管理體制等因素有重要關(guān)系。（ ） 9．在平衡記分卡的實(shí)施過程當(dāng)中，會受到文化、環(huán)境變化等多種因素的質(zhì)與俄和影響。（ ） 參考答案： 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1． B； 2． B； 3． C； 4． C； 5． B； 6． D； 7． C； 8． D； 9． B； 10． D； 二、多項(xiàng)選擇 1． ABD； 2． BCD； 3． BD； 4． ACD； 5． ABCD； 6． ABC。 三、判斷正誤 1．； 2．√； 3．； 4．； 5．√； 6．； 7．； 8．； 9．√。 Visafree policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdu39。s 72hour visafree policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have vali d visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a threeday visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy followi ng Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the city39。s level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the world39。s largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, China39。s ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water control project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a custo mer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72 hour visafree policy and pelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the pany has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the threeday visa has an immediate and positive influence on the pany39。s business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting pany in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the city39。s public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million touri