【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ? Person Waiting for Machine 人員等候機器? Machine Waiting for the Person 機器等候人員? One Person Waiting for Another Person 一個人等候另一個人? Unbalanced Operations (Work) 不平衡的操作（工作）? Unplanned Equipment Downtime 計劃外停機Causes 原因 :? Inconsistent Work Methods 不一致的工作方法? Long Machine Change Over Times 機器設置時間長? Poor Man / Machine Effectiveness 人員 /機器總體效率不高? Lack of Proper Machines 缺乏合適的機器? Lack of Equipment Resources 缺乏設備資源Waste of Inventory 庫存的浪費庫存的浪費27Definition:Any supply in excess of process requirements necessary to produce goods.定義 :任何超過生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品過程所需要的供應。 Waste of Inventory 庫存的浪費庫存的浪費28Characteristics 特點 :? Extra Space on Receiving Dock 在進貨倉庫中占據(jù)額外的空間? Stagnated Material Flow 物流停滯? Massive Rework Campaigns When Problems Surface 當出現(xiàn)問題時，不得不進行大規(guī)模的返工? Requires Additional Material Handling Resources (People, Equipment, Racks, Storage, Space / Systems) 物料處理資源過多 (人力、設備、貨架、倉庫、空間 /系統(tǒng) )Causes 原因 :? Incapable Processes 過程能力低下? Long Change Over Times 更換品種時間長? Management Decisions 管理決策不當? Inaccurate Forecasting Systems 不準確的預測系統(tǒng)? Unreliable process 過程不穩(wěn)定29Characteristics 特點 :? Extra Time Required by Workforce to Inspect / Rework / Repair 工人需要額外的時間來檢查 /返工 /修理? Missed Shipments / Deliveries 錯過了裝運 /交貨時間? Organization Bees Reactive (Fire Fighting, Expediting Vs. Prevention Orientation) 使組織變得被動 (疲于 “救火 ”，而不是采取各種預防措施 )Causes 原因 :? Incapable Processes 過程能力低下? Operator Control Error 操作者控制失誤? Insufficient Training 缺少足夠的培訓Waste of Correction 改正的浪費改正的浪費Waste of Processing 加工過程的浪費加工過程的浪費30DEFINITION:Effort which adds no value to a product or service. Enhancements which are transparent to the customers, or work which could be bined with another process.定義 :對產(chǎn)品或服務附加的無效的工作，或可以結合在另一過程的工作。Waste of Processing 加工過程的浪費加工過程的浪費31Causes 原因 :? Engineering Changes Without Process Changes 工藝過程沒有隨著工程的更改而改變? New Technology Used in Other Processes 在其他工藝過程中使用了新技術? Decision Making at Inappropriate Levels 在不適當?shù)膶哟紊现贫ǖ臎Q策? Ineffective Policies and Procedures 無效的政策和程序? Lack of Customer Input Concerning Requirements 對客戶的有關要求缺乏了解Characteristics 特點 :? Process Bottlenecks 工作過程出現(xiàn)瓶頸? Lack of Boundary Samples or Clear Customer Specifications 缺乏樣品或明晰的客戶規(guī)格要求? Endless Refinement 沒完沒了的修飾? Redundant Approvals 過多的批準程序32質(zhì)量隱患高損壞長的切換無計劃停止平凡的故障流動很慢? Characteristics 特點 :? Extra Space on Receiving Dock 在進貨倉庫中占據(jù)額外的空間? Stagnated Material Flow 物流停滯? Massive Rework Campaigns When Problems Surface 當出現(xiàn)問題時，不得不進行大規(guī)模的返工? Requires Additional Material Handling Resources (People, Equipment, Racks, Storage, Space / Systems) 物料處理資源過多 (人力、設備、貨架、倉庫、空間 /系統(tǒng) )?掩蓋了所有問題，好比這些暗礁“庫存 ”Agenda 議程33? The History of Lean Toyota Production System 精益的歷史與豐田生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)? Lean Definition 7 Wastes 精益的定義及 7種浪費? Lean Physical Transformation