【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 smostly stories of mystery and 主要講述恐怖神秘的故事。 18. Jonathan Swift?s A Modest Proposal being generally regarded as the best model of satire, not only of the period but also in the whole English literary .斯威夫特的《一個(gè)小小的建議》被公認(rèn)為英國(guó)文學(xué)史上諷刺作品的經(jīng)典。 (I)John Bunyan 約翰 .班揚(yáng) 19. As a stout Puritan, he had made a conscientious study of the Bible and firmly believed in salvation through spiritual ，他認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)《圣經(jīng)》，并深信人一定能通過(guò)精神上的奮斗得到拯救。 20. he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel and to relive the experience of his ，情節(jié)鮮明真實(shí)，連沒(méi)受過(guò)教育的人也能享受到閱讀他的作品的樂(lè)趣。 21. Bunyan?s other works include Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners, The Life and Death of , The Holy War and The Pilgrim’s Progress, Part 《罪人頭目的赦 免》，《拜得門(mén)先生生死錄》，《圣戰(zhàn)》以及《天路歷程》第二部 22. The Vanity Fair.《名利場(chǎng)》（節(jié)選《天路歷程》第一部） The Pilgrim?s Progress is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. Its purpose is to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils.《天路歷程》是英文作品中最成功的宗教寓言。它的主旨是讓人們遵循基督教教義，并通要點(diǎn)中英文對(duì)照版 第 6 頁(yè)，共 34 頁(yè) 過(guò)不斷戰(zhàn)勝自身弱點(diǎn)與身外的邪惡來(lái)獲得拯救。 (II)Alexander Pope 亞歷山大 .蒲伯 23. Pope, a very sensitive man, would strike back hard, and in the constant verbal battles he developed a style of biting satire. 蒲伯本身是個(gè)很敏感的人，自然要用筆墨來(lái)反擊，在此期間，他發(fā)展了犀利的諷刺文體。 24. For him the supreme value was ordercosmic order, political order, social order, aesthetic order, and this emphasis on order found expression in all of his 宇宙秩序，政治秩序，社 會(huì)秩序，美學(xué)秩序。這種對(duì)秩序與理性的強(qiáng)調(diào)深入到了他各部作品中。 25. Pope made his name as a great poet with the publication of An Essay on Criticism in 1711. The next year, he published The Rape of the Lock, a finest mock 年，他出版了散文《論批評(píng)》，從此奠定了他在詩(shī)壇的地位。次年，他又出版了《奪發(fā)記》，一部極妙的諷刺史詩(shī)。 26. Pope was the greatest poet of his time. He strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by classical rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum. 蒲伯是當(dāng)時(shí)最偉大的詩(shī)人，他大力提倡新古典主義，強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)作品的優(yōu)劣應(yīng)由古典的秩序尺度，理性，邏輯，情感的 克制，高雅的品位以及是否體面，正派來(lái)衡量。 27. He worked painstakingly on his poems, developed a satiric, concise, smooth, graceful and wellbalanced 力于詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作，發(fā)展了諷刺，簡(jiǎn)練，通順，優(yōu)雅，平衡的風(fēng)格。 (III)Daniel Defoe 丹尼爾 .笛福 28. His quick mind, abundant energy and neverfailing enthusiasm always brought him back on his feet after a 人的才智，充沛的精力，旺盛而持久的熱情總是使他在失敗后能重新站起。 29. Robinson Crusoe, an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time, is universally considered his masterpiece.《魯賓遜漂流記》是一部體現(xiàn)時(shí)代精神的游記歷險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)，是笛福的代表作。 30. In most of his works, he gave his praise to the hardworking, study middle class and showed his sympathy for the downtrodden, unfortunate ，他都表達(dá)了對(duì)勤勞，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的贊譽(yù)，以及對(duì)破落不幸的窮苦人的同情。 31. Defoe was a very good 。 32. His sentences are sometimes short, crisp and plain, and sometimes long and rambling, which leave on the reader an impression of casual ，樸素直白，時(shí)而又氣勢(shì)磅礴，潑墨如水，為讀者留下了敘述自由悠閑的印象。 33. His language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly ，有時(shí)甚至是俗語(yǔ)方言。 34. There is nothing artificial in his language: it is mon English at its ，完全是大眾英語(yǔ)。 35. Robinson Crusoe: The novel consists actually of three parts. 《魯賓遜漂流記》：整部小說(shuō)分為三個(gè)部分 The realistic account of the successful struggle of Robinson singlehandedly against the hostile nature forms the best part of the novel. Robinson is here a real hero: a typical eighteenthcentury English middleclass man., the pioneer 。在此，魯賓遜是真正的英雄：一個(gè)典型的英國(guó)十八世紀(jì)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)人士。 (IV)Jonathan Swift 喬納森 .斯威夫特 36. In 1704 he published two powerful satires on corruption in religion and learning, A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books, which established his name as a 年，他針對(duì)宗教和學(xué)術(shù)界的腐敗出版了兩篇犀利的諷刺小品，一為《木桶的故事》，一為《書(shū)籍的戰(zhàn)斗》。這兩篇作品奠定了他在諷刺作品中的地位。 要點(diǎn)中英文對(duì)照版 第 7 頁(yè)，共 34 頁(yè) 37. Even today Swift is still respected as a national hero in ，斯威夫特還被尊為愛(ài)爾蘭的民族英雄。 38. In his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently flawed. To better human life, enlightenment is 認(rèn)為人性永遠(yuǎn)有著嚴(yán)重的瑕疵，為了使人的生活更美好，人們需要啟蒙。 39. In his writings, although he intends not to condemn but to reform and improve human nature and human institutions.在他的作品中，他提倡的不是譴責(zé)，而是采取行為改良人性與人為的機(jī)構(gòu)。 40. His “A Modest Proposal ” is generally taken as a perfect 《一個(gè)溫和的建議》被認(rèn)為是一篇完善的典范。 41. Swift is one of the greatest masters of English 。 42. He defined a good style as “proper words in proper places.” Clear, simple, concrete diction, unplicated sentence structure, economy and conciseness of language mark all his writingsessays, poems and 好的文風(fēng)，即“在恰當(dāng)?shù)牡胤接们‘?dāng)?shù)脑~”。無(wú)論是散文，詩(shī)歌，還是小說(shuō)，簡(jiǎn)潔，具體，精確，沒(méi)有復(fù)雜的句式永遠(yuǎn)是他的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格 。 43. Swift?s chief works are: A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books, The Drapier’s Letters(note:Drapier=Swift, alias), Gulliver?s Travels and A Modest 《桶的故事》，《書(shū)籍的戰(zhàn)斗》，《德拉皮爾的信》，《格列佛游記》和《一個(gè)溫和的建議》。 44. Gulliver?s Travels: Jonathan?s best fictional work, the book contains four parts. Its social significance is great and its exploration into human nature profound. 《格列佛游記》：是斯威夫特最精彩的一部小說(shuō)，全書(shū)分為四卷，它具有重大的社會(huì)意義，同時(shí)對(duì)人性的探索與揭示也是深刻的。 (V)Henry Fielding 亨利 .費(fèi)爾丁 45. During his career as a dramatist, Fielding had attempted a considerable number of forms of 里，費(fèi)爾丁曾嘗試過(guò)許多不同的戲劇模式。 46. Of all his plays, the best known are The CoffeeHouse Politician, The Tragedy of Tragedies, Pasquin, and The Historical Register for the Year 《咖啡屋的政治家》，《悲劇中的悲劇》，《巴斯昆》，《 1736 歷史年鑒》。 47. Henry Fielding is the first 18th century English novelist to write “ic epic in prose,” whose subject is “the true ridiculous” in human nature. “散文體喜劇史詩(shī)”，主題是人類(lèi)本性中的荒唐，對(duì)人性進(jìn)行了真實(shí)的諷刺。 48. The dominating qualities of the novel are its excellent characterportrayal, timely entrances and exits, robustness of tone and hilarious, hearty ，及時(shí)的出場(chǎng)退場(chǎng)，筆調(diào)的遒勁及令人會(huì)心的幽默。 49. “The Great Man, properly considered, is no better than a great gangster”The History of Jonathan Wild the Great從某種意義上說(shuō)，偉大的人物無(wú) 異于“偉大”的匪徒 《偉大的喬納森懷爾德》。 50. The History of Tom Jones