【正文】 he 言，并貫穿于整首詩作。 5. As a matter of fact, literature at the time, heavily didactic and moralizing, became a very popular means of public ，當(dāng)時的文學(xué)作品種充滿了說教與道德理念，就已經(jīng)成為大眾教育的良好工具。 (I)John Bunyan 約翰 .班揚(yáng) 19. As a stout Puritan, he had made a conscientious study of the Bible and firmly believed in salvation through spiritual ，他認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)《圣經(jīng)》，并深信人一定能通過精神上的奮斗得到拯救。 33. His language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly ，有時甚至是俗語方言。 46. Of all his plays, the best known are The CoffeeHouse Politician, The Tragedy of Tragedies, Pasquin, and The Historical Register for the Year 《咖啡屋的政治家》，《悲劇中的悲劇》，《巴斯昆》，《 1736 歷史年鑒》。 a romance: The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia。 73. His other poems include “Ode on the Spring”, “Ode on the Death of a Favourite cat” and so on. (Ode:… .贊，頌 )他的其他作品還有《春之頌》，《愛貓之死》等等。 11. Romantics also tend to be 。 27. According to the subject, Wordsworth?s short poems can be classified into two group: poems about nature and poems about human ，華的短詩可分為兩大類：關(guān)于自然的和關(guān)于人類生活的?！? 23. Blake writes his poems in plain and direct 。 7. They believed that poetry could purify both individual souls and the （浪漫主義代表詩人布萊克，華茲華斯，科勒律治，拜倫，雪萊及濟(jì)恩）認(rèn)為詩歌是醫(yī)治社會頑疾的良藥，可以凈化人的靈魂。毫無疑問，它被認(rèn)為是自莎士比亞以來最出色的喜劇。 (VI)Samuel Johnson 塞 繆爾 .約翰遜 58. The years between 1737 and 1755, he did translations, wrote poems, essays and so 年 至 1755 年這段時間對他來說充滿了艱辛 :他做過翻譯 ,寫過詩 ,為書商編書 ,編輯雜志。無論是散文，詩歌，還是小說，簡潔，具體，精確，沒有復(fù)雜的句式永遠(yuǎn)是他的寫作風(fēng)格 。 29. Robinson Crusoe, an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time, is universally considered his masterpiece.《魯賓遜漂流記》是一部體現(xiàn)時代精神的游記歷險小說，是笛福的代表作。 15. Among the pioneers were Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, Tobias Gee Smollett, and Oliver .迪福，塞繆爾 .理查德，亨利 .費(fèi)爾丁，勞倫斯 .斯泰思，托比亞斯 .斯摩萊特以及奧立弗 .哥爾斯密。 2. The eighteenthcentury England is also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of 也同時是啟蒙主義時代，或曰理性時代。 培根 (V)John Donne 約翰 .鄧恩 39. The imagery is drawn from the actual 。 22. Shakespeare?s history plays are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a ：在一個強(qiáng)大英明的君主統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下的國家，統(tǒng)一是非常必要的。其中最負(fù)盛名的是：《帖木爾》，《浮士德博士的悲劇》，《馬耳他島的猶太人》以及《愛德華二世》。 3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and 到充足的論據(jù)，來贊美人性，并開始注意到人類是崇高的生命，人可以不斷發(fā)展完善自己，而且世界是屬于他們的，供他們懷疑，探索以及享受。 (III)William Shakespeare 威廉 .莎士比亞 17. The first period of his dramatic career, he wrote five history plays: Henry VI, Parts I, II, and III, Richard III, and Titus Andronicus。 要點(diǎn)中英文對照版 第 3 頁，共 34 頁 28. He holds that literature should be a bination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.他認(rèn)為文學(xué)應(yīng)該是真善美的結(jié)合，應(yīng)該反映天性與現(xiàn)實(shí)。 (VI)John Milton 約翰 .彌爾頓 44. he was entirely occupied with the thoughts of fighting for human 戰(zhàn)的思要點(diǎn)中英文對照版 第 4 頁，共 34 頁 想。 6. Famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, the two pioneers of familiar essays, Jonathan Swift, Daniel Defoe, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Henry Fielding and Samuel .德萊頓，亞歷山大 .蒲柏，約瑟夫 .艾迪森與理查 .斯蒂爾（這兩位是現(xiàn)代散文的先驅(qū)），喬納森 .斯威夫特，丹尼爾 .迪福，理查 .，亨利 .費(fèi)爾丁和塞繆爾 .約翰遜。 20. he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel and to relive the experience of his ，情節(jié)鮮明真實(shí)，連沒受過教育的人也能享受到閱讀他的作品的樂趣。 34. There is nothing artificial in his language: it is mon English at its ，完全是大眾英語。 47. Henry Fielding is the first 18th century English novelist to write “ic epic in prose,” whose subject is “the true ridiculous” in human nature. “散文體喜劇史詩”，主題是人類本性中的荒唐，對人性進(jìn)行了真實(shí)的諷刺。 a tragedy: ：《倫敦》，《人類欲望的虛幻》騎士浪漫詩：《拉塞拉斯的歷史》，《阿比西尼亞王子》；一部悲?。骸栋铡贰? 74. A conscientious artist of the first rate, Gray wrote slowly and carefully, painstakingly seeking perfection of form and ，作品誕生速度慢，卻精益求精。 12. To the Romantics, poetry should be free from all rules. They would turn to the humble people and the mon everyday life for ，他們會在窮苦百姓及日常生活中找尋素材。 28. Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of nature.”華被稱為 ”大自然的膜拜者 ”。 Vision” and that “The Nature of my work is visionary or imaginative.”布萊克熱切地宣布：“我認(rèn)為人世凡塵是一個充滿想象與幻想的世界，我的作品也如人世凡塵一樣充滿想象與幻覺。 6. The Romantic period is an age of 。《造謠學(xué)?！肥菍?18 世紀(jì)英國貴族資產(chǎn)階級的道德敗壞，對無聊的富人惡意的制造謠言，對上層社會驕奢淫逸的生活以及對在高貴生活方式和高尚道德準(zhǔn)則的掩飾下的道德淪喪與虛偽假善的辛辣諷刺。 57. Tom Jones brings its author the name of the “Prose Home.” The panoramic view it provides of the 18thcentury English country.《湯姆 .瓊斯》為費(fèi)爾丁贏得了“散文荷馬”的盛名，小說為讀者提供了一幅英國 18 世紀(jì)鄉(xiāng)村與城市的宏偉的全景圖。 42. He defined a good style as “proper words in proper places.” Clear, simple, concrete diction, unplicated sentence structure, economy and conciseness of language mark all his writingsessays, poems and 好的文風(fēng)，即“在恰當(dāng)?shù)牡胤接们‘?dāng)?shù)脑~”。 (III)Daniel Defoe 丹尼爾 .笛福 28. His quick mind, abundant energy and neverfailing enthusiasm always brought him back on his feet after a 人的才智，充沛的精力，旺盛而持久的熱情總是使他在失敗后能重新站起。 14. The mid18th century was, however, predominated by a newly rising literary formthe modern English novel