【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 。以保證煙囪外壁板的光順（見(jiàn)圖71）。圖71 煙囪裝配煙囪的立式、臥式2種裝配方法各有特色。一般煙囪制造采用立式裝配法為多。 第八章 尾柱和首柱的裝焊 一、尾柱的裝焊尾柱由鑄鋼、鍛鋼制成，或與鋼板組合而成。大型船舶一般采用鑄鋼結(jié)構(gòu)。尾柱的形式復(fù)雜且受鑄造設(shè)備的限制，所以要分成幾段澆鑄，再經(jīng)過(guò)裝配焊接而成為一個(gè)整體。尾柱焊接采用電渣焊，焊時(shí)熱量很大，容易產(chǎn)生變形。而尾柱又是舵和螺旋槳的支承，既需要有足夠的強(qiáng)度，又要求外形正確，因此對(duì)尾柱的質(zhì)量要求很高。為了保證裝配質(zhì)量和便于施工，一般尾柱裝配都是在胎架上采用臥式裝配法進(jìn)行的，胎架設(shè)在平臺(tái)上。下面介紹鑄鋼尾柱的裝配方法。(一）簡(jiǎn)要裝焊步驟平臺(tái)上劃出尾柱輪廓線、軸線、舵桿中心線、水線、肋骨線→豎立尾柱安裝模板→吊裝尾柱零件→開(kāi)準(zhǔn)對(duì)接坡口→吊對(duì)尾柱型線、尾軸與舵軸中心→裝配定位→加強(qiáng)→焊接→拆除模板定位焊→矯正變形→（焊縫熱處理）→修順與外板的搭接邊緣→測(cè)量。(二）裝焊步驟說(shuō)明以（圖81）為例，該尾柱共分6段，有5個(gè)接頭，采用電渣焊焊接。圖81 尾柱分段示意圖二、首柱的裝焊 根據(jù)制造方式，首柱可分為鍛造首柱、鑄造首柱、鋼板焊接首柱和由鑄鋼加鋼板焊接混合組成的首柱等幾種形式。圖82 繪制尾柱輪廓線首柱裝配在胎架上進(jìn)行，有正裝和側(cè)裝兩種。所謂正裝，它的胎架基面垂直于中縱剖面。這種方法適用于較平直的首柱。而側(cè)裝（臥式裝配法）胎架的基面平行于中縱剖面。以上就是本人對(duì)船體部件裝配的一些認(rèn)識(shí)，由于所學(xué)的知識(shí)還不全面,經(jīng)驗(yàn)還不夠豐富,其中一定存在了一些錯(cuò)誤和不足,煩請(qǐng)老師指正批評(píng),不勝榮幸! 致謝：本設(shè)計(jì)(論文)在編寫(xiě)過(guò)程中得到泉州船舶工業(yè)有限公司內(nèi)業(yè)助理工程師柴從俊、高級(jí)放樣技師錢(qián)達(dá)偉以及指導(dǎo)老師向陽(yáng)的支持與幫助，謹(jǐn)此表示感謝。參考文獻(xiàn)：（1）、船體裝配工工藝學(xué)，李歌樂(lè)等編，海洋出版社1999年7月出版。（2）、初級(jí)船體裝配工工藝學(xué)，金仲達(dá)主編，哈爾濱工程大學(xué)出版社2006年3月出版。ag an employment tribunal clai Emloyment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you don39。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more informu, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。tappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as adamagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case.you39。re clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by , click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch m Cay man Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Ya ya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCity39。s 21 win.Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement