【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 unction but decreases the advantages to another unit or function. For example， the marketing manager may argue effectively for an increased advertising budget. In the larger scheme of things， however， increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the anization. anizational goal is an end or a state of affairs the anization seeks to reach. 一個(gè)省略 that 或 which 的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 a state of affairs “事物的狀態(tài)，事態(tài) ” to seek to do sth. 追求，爭(zhēng)取，尋求，設(shè)法（去做某事） individuals frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals， the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. 本句中， because 引導(dǎo)了原因狀語(yǔ)從句；在主句中， who makes the decision 是作 depend on 的介詞賓語(yǔ)從句。 ， departments or units within an anization make decisions that are good for them individually but that are less than optimal for the larger anization. 兩個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)的都是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 decisions less than 在此做狀語(yǔ)，表示否定的含義， less than optimal “不太理想 ” 例如： This job is less than perfect. 這份工作不十分理想（完美）。 is a tradeoff that increases the advantages to one unit or function but decreases the advantages to another unit or function. that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 tradeoff “權(quán)衡 ” increases 和 decreases 是定語(yǔ)從 句的并列謂語(yǔ) These tradeoffs occur because there are many objectives that anizations wish to attain simultaneously. Some of these objectives are more important than others， but the order and degree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to department. Different managers define the same problem in differentterms. When presented with a mon case， sales managers tend to see sales problems， production managers see production problems， and so on. tradeoffs occur because there are many objectives that anizations wish to attain simultaneously. Because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句中，有一個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 many objectives of these objectives are more important than others， but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department. vary from … to … 表示各不相同的意思。 例： The percentage varies from person to person. （稅收的） 比例因人而異。 presented with a mon case presented with 面對(duì) 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)前面加上 when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 為了表示明確的時(shí)間或條件，有時(shí)常在分詞前面加上 when， while， even if ， even though ， unless 等連詞作時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)。 （詳見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)） The ordering and importance of multiple objectives is also based， in part， on the values of the decision maker. Such values are personal； they are hard to understand， even by the individual， because they are so dynamic and plex. In many business situations different people39。s values about acceptable degrees of risk and profitability cause disagreement about the correctness of decisions. ordering and importance of multiple objectives is also based， in part， on the values of the decision maker. be based on 基于，取決于 in part 部分地，在某種程度上 對(duì)于多項(xiàng)目標(biāo)的排序和重要性，部分地基于決策者的價(jià)值觀。 people39。s values about acceptable degrees of risk and profitability cause disagreement about the correctness of decisions. 兩個(gè) about 都是介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾前邊的名詞 不同人關(guān)于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和收益可接受程度的價(jià)值觀，導(dǎo)致了對(duì)于決策正確性的不同意見(jiàn)。 People often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon. But from a systems point of view， problems have multiple causes， and decisions have intended and unintended consequences. An anization is an ongoing entity， and a decision made today may have consequences far into the future. Thus the skilled manager looks toward the future consequences of current decisions. often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon assume vt. 認(rèn)為，假定，設(shè)想 that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 made today 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)， “今天作出的決策 ” far into the future 形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)， “對(duì)將來(lái)有深遠(yuǎn)的影響 ” the skilled manager looks toward the future consequences of current decisions. the skilled manager “一個(gè)干練的管理者，一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的管理者 ” current a. 當(dāng)前的，現(xiàn)時(shí)的 n. 流，水流，電流，氣流 一個(gè)干練的管理者可以從當(dāng)今決策看到未來(lái)的結(jié)果。 附：重點(diǎn)句 reason for making a decision is that a problem exists， goals or objectives are wrong， or something is standing in the way of acplishing them. 三個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句并列 （第一段） managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance， but since uncertainty is always there， risk acpanies decisions. 主從復(fù)合句（第二段） managers， every decision has constraints based on policies， procedures， laws， precedents， and the like. （第三段） example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion； （第四段） individuals （ and anizations） frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals， the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. 主從復(fù)合句（第六段） ， departments or units within an anization make decisions that are good for them individually but that are less than optimal for the larger nization. （第六段） of these objectives are more important than others， but the order and degree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to department. （第七段） presented with a mon case， sales managers tend to see sales problems， production managers see production problems， and so on. （第七段） Text B Secrets of Success at an Interview Words title 分析： Secrets：秘密 success n. 成功 succeed v. interview vt./n. 面談，采訪；面試，口試 criticism n. 批評(píng)；評(píng)論 candidate n. 候選人，候補(bǔ)者；應(yīng)試者 vague a. 含糊的；不明確的 notion n. 概 念；想法，看法 prospect n. 展望，景象；前景，前程 munity n. 社區(qū)；共同體 unattractive a. 無(wú)吸引力的；不引人注意的 indifference n. 冷漠；不感興趣 interviewer n. 接見(jiàn)者；面談?wù)? personality n. 個(gè)性；人格；品格 prospective a. 預(yù)期的；未來(lái)的 speechless a. 不會(huì)說(shuō)話的；不說(shuō)話的 clarification n. 澄清，闡明 correspondence n. 符合，一致；通信 photocopy vt./n. 復(fù)印，影印；照相復(fù)制本 resume n. 摘要，梗概；個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷 inefficiency n. 無(wú)效；效能差 neat a. 整潔的；簡(jiǎn)潔的；整齊的 conservative a. 保存的，防腐的；保守的，守舊的 punk n. （俚）阿飛；朋克（ 70年代以來(lái)英國(guó)、美國(guó)的年輕人中的頹廢派） miniskirt n. 超短裙 panel n. 專(zhuān)門(mén)小組 intimidate vt. 恐嚇，恫嚇 clutch vt./vi. 抓住，握緊 grip vt./n. 緊握，緊夾；掌握，控制 painful a. 痛苦的；費(fèi)力的 rephrase vt. 重新措辭，改用別的