【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 I have taught many children who believe that their selfworth depended on how well they did at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often lifeand death matters. In their singleminded dream of success, the development of many other human qualities （品質(zhì)）is sadly forgotten. However, while some seem to be lost in the desire （渴望）to succeed, others take a different attitude. In a culture which values only the winners, they are strongly against petition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who are under petitive pressures（壓力）from their parents or society. They are always told to be the top ones, but they think it39。s really hard. When I teach these young people, I often find them in a desire to fail. They seem to search for failure（失敗）by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: I may have lost, but it doesn39。t matter because I really didn39。t try. If I had tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true petitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief. They think one39。s selfrespect depends on how well one does pared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear begins to dissolve（消除）can we discover a new meaning in petition, （1）Why do some people wele petition according to the passag? A.It pushes society forward.B.It improves one39。s abilities.C.It develops human qualities.D.It builds up friendly relationship.（2）The underlined phrase the most vocal in Paragraph 3 means . A.those who try their best to winB.those who value petition most highlyC.those who depend on others most for successD.those who are against petition most strongly（3）Which of the following may the writer agree to? A.Every effort should be paid back.B.Competition should be encouraged.C.Winning should be a lifeanddeath matter.D.Fear of failure should be taken away in petition.（4）What does this passage mainly talk about? A.Competition helps to set up selfrespect.B.Competition is bad for social development.C.Ideas about petition are different among people.D.Failures are necessary experiences in petition.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】短文大意：人們對(duì)比賽的態(tài)度不一，很多孩子過于重視成功與失敗，以至于失去了其他人格品質(zhì)，一些人抵觸比賽， 每次比賽失敗后，總是找出一個(gè)借口，作者呼吁應(yīng)該消除害怕失敗的情緒。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的 Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social progress 可知，比賽促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步，故選A。 （2）推斷題。根據(jù)文章提到的 In a culture which values only the winners, they are strongly against petition 可知，該詞組的意義為強(qiáng)烈抵觸比賽的這些人，故選D。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的 Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in petition可知，作者認(rèn)為對(duì)害怕失敗的情緒應(yīng)該消除，故選D。 （4）主旨題。根據(jù)文章主要介紹了人們對(duì)比賽態(tài)度不一，可知文章談?wù)摿岁P(guān)于比賽的想法，不同人的觀點(diǎn)不一樣，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。 11．閱讀理解 A lovely rabbit, a cute hamster, some colourful fish, a strangelooking turtle, a snake... What kind of pet would you like? Lots of kids love animals and dream of having a pet. But not every family can have a pet. So, in many Western countries such as America, Britain and Australia, primary and middle school classes have their own pets. Looking after a pet is not as easy as you may think! Fish and turtles need clean water and the right food. Hamsters and rabbits need fresh vegetables and a warm place to sleep. Even little mice need good care! What would you feed a pet mouse on? How about snakes? Class pets teach kids about nature and being responsible. Sometimes the pets have babies. It39。s very exciting but it also means more animals will be taken care of! Students take turns to take care of their class pets. Every week the pets have a new mum and dad to look after them. You may want to know what happens to the class pets during school holidays. At the end of term, the teacher chooses a responsible student. This lucky student keeps the pet at his or her home for the holidays.（1）Animals are mentioned （ 提到 ） in the passage as a pet EXCEPT . A.hamstersB.snakesC.rabbitsD.elephants（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE? A.Some families can have pets in Western countries.B.Fish and turtles only need clean water and the right food.C.Looking after a pet is as easy as you may think.D.Little mice don39。t need good care.（3）What do the underlined words mum and dad mean? A.Pets39。 parents.B.Teachers.C.Students who take care of pets.D.Kids who love animals.（4）What do students get from keeping pets? A.Knowledge about nature.B.Being responsible.C.Class pets.D.Both A and B【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章大意：許多西方國家，中小學(xué)班級(jí)都有自己的寵物。重點(diǎn)介紹了班級(jí)寵物是怎樣被照顧的。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句A lovely rabbit, a cute hamster, some colourful fish, a strangelooking turtle, a snake...理解可知，作為寵物的動(dòng)物有兔子，海龜，彩色魚還有蛇，但是沒有把大象作為寵物的，故選D。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句But not every family can have a pet. 理解可知，有些家庭有寵物，選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)語句Fish and turtles need clean water and the right food.可知，魚和海龜需要干凈的水和適當(dāng)?shù)氖澄?。選項(xiàng)B描述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)語句Looking after a pet is not as easy as you may think!可知選項(xiàng)C描述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)語句Even little mice need good care!可知選項(xiàng)D描述錯(cuò)誤，故選A。 （3）理解推斷題。根據(jù)文中的語句Students take turns to take care of their class pets. Every week the pets have a new mum and dad to look after ，學(xué)生們輪流照顧小寵物，充當(dāng)父母的角色，所謂的爸爸媽媽就是小學(xué)生，故選C。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的語句 Class pets teach kids about nature and being responsible.理解可知，班上的寵物教會(huì)孩子們自然和負(fù)責(zé)任。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問題，弄清問題的大意；然后帶著問題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。12．閱讀理解 First Frenchman： I once heard someone shout, Look out. I put my head out of a window and a bucket （桶） of water fell on me. It seems that Look out may mean Don39。t look out. Second Frenchman： I