【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 60。D.to recover from adversity（2）What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.The psychologistsB.The resilient childrenC.Positive elementsD.Internal locus of control（3）According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that____________. A.your positive perception may turn adversity aroundB.stressful events are more predictive than delightful eventsC.experiencing adversity predicts that you will go on sufferingD.a negative response doesn39。t guarantee you will suffer all the time（4）What is the author39。s purpose of writing this passage? A.To teach people how to be resilientB.To encourage people to live through adversityC.To indicate people39。s perception varies from each otherD.To pare different research findings about resilience【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】這是一篇介紹說明類文章。文章介紹了一種品質(zhì)：韌性（resilience）。文章介紹了什么是韌性，韌性的作用，如何培養(yǎng)韌性等內(nèi)容。（1）推理判斷題。由第二段中的“People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity (逆境) won39。t know how resilient they are. It39。s only when they39。re faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, es out. Some give in and some conquer”可知，那些沒有經(jīng)歷過逆境的人不會知道自己有多大的韌性。只有當(dāng)他們面對障礙，壓力等逆境時，他們才能知道自己的韌性有多大。有的人向逆境屈服，有的人成功度過了逆境。由此可知，那些成功度過逆境的人屬于非常有韌性的人。韌性應(yīng)該指克服逆境的能力。故答案選D。（2）詞義猜測題。由第三段中的“The resilient children had what psychologists call an “internal lens of control(內(nèi)控點(diǎn))”. They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.”可知，那些有韌性的孩子擁有所謂的“內(nèi)控點(diǎn)”。他們認(rèn)為他們影響了自己的成就，而不是他們所處的環(huán)境影響了他們的成就。這些有韌性的孩子將自己看作是自己命運(yùn)的主宰者。由此可知，they指的就是the resilient children。故答案選B。（3）推理判斷題。由第四段中的“He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might e from perception(認(rèn)知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(創(chuàng)傷), or as an opportunity to learn and grow.”可知，一些人比另一些人更擅長處理逆境。這種差別來自他們的認(rèn)知。如果他們將逆境當(dāng)做是學(xué)習(xí)和成長的機(jī)會，對此做出積極的反應(yīng)，那么，他們就能很好的處理逆境。反之，如果他們做出消極的反應(yīng)，那么，他們就不能很好的來處理逆境。由此可以推知，積極的認(rèn)知可以改變逆境，使情況朝著好的方向發(fā)展。故答案選A。（4）寫作意圖題。文章第一段以例子提出“resilience”這個話題。第二段解釋了什么是resilience，第三和第四段以Garmezy的研究說明，當(dāng)面對逆境的時候，韌性可以幫助我們扭轉(zhuǎn)逆境，關(guān)鍵在于要有積極的認(rèn)知。第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)，積極的認(rèn)知是可以學(xué)習(xí)的。故這篇文章的寫作意圖就是告訴讀者如何使自己有韌性：用積極的態(tài)度去對待逆境。故答案選A?！军c(diǎn)評】閱讀理解寫作意圖、態(tài)度解題技巧：根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的（1）寫作目的（to entertain readers）常見于故事類的文章。（2）寫作目的（to persuade readers）常見于廣告類的文章。在這樣的文章中，作者或是要推銷一種產(chǎn)品﹑一種服務(wù)（to sell a product or a service），或是要通過對旅游景點(diǎn)﹑報(bào)刊雜志﹑影片﹑電視節(jié)目等的介紹來達(dá)到他的寫作目的：吸引更多的游客﹑讀者或訂戶﹑觀眾等（to attract more visitors / readers / audience）（3）寫作目的（to inform readers）多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會類的文章，了解這類文章的寫作目的有賴于對文章主題的正確把握，閱讀時有必要找準(zhǔn)文章的主題句，或較好地對主題加以歸納。4．閱讀理解 Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let39。s think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand? Can we start with ending the opendoor practice of streetfront shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process. So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energysaving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, airconditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed. In homes built under the smallhouse policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated(協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction. For integrated design to succeed, all parties must e together and think beyond each person39。s circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outes may include reduced airconditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings. （1）What39。s the author39。s attitude towards the opendoor practice of the street shops? A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Optimistic.D.Uncaring.（2）Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans? A.To follow an old practice.B.To help reduce energy use.C.To pletely replace air conditioners.D.To help cut down on daily expenses.（3）What39。s the key to making sustainable buildings a reality? A.All parties should get started at the same time.B.The basic architecture should be finished first.C.Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction.D.Seeking the smallhouse policy and some successful architects.（4）What would be the best title for the text? A.Waste less, live betterB.Goodbye, air conditioningC.How to reduce the energy costD.Green buildings call for integrated design【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文屬于議論文。作者認(rèn)為街邊商店開放空調(diào)的做法雖然給人以涼爽的空氣，但