供應鏈管理2ppt課件(已修改)
2024-11-15 17:21 本頁面
【正文】 Chapter 8 Coordinated product and Supply Chain Design Design For Logistics ? Introduction ? 產品和物流設計能影響運輸成本與庫存費用 ? Product and process design key cost drivers of product cost ? Design for Manufacturing used design to decrease manufacturing costs ? Major supply chain costs include transportation costs, inventory costs, distribution costs ? Design for Logistics uses product design to address logistics costs ? Key Concepts of Design for Logistics – Economic packaging and transportation – Concurrent/Parallel Processing – Postponement Economic Transportation and Storage ? 對產品的設計，使其可以有效包裝和儲存 –包裝越緊湊，運費越便宜 ? IKEA家具 –零售商喜歡體積小，易包裝的產品 ? WalMart的堆放 –大批量到倉庫，配送前最后包裝 ? 可獲運輸經濟規(guī)模 Examples ? Ikea – World’s largest furniture retailer – 131 stores in 21 countries – Large stores, centralized manufacturing, pactly and efficiently packed products ? Rubbermaid – Clear Classic food containers designed to fit 14x14” WalMart shelves Concurrent/ Parallel Processing ? Objective is to minimize lead times ? Achieved by redesigning products so that several manufacturing steps can take place in parallel ? Modularity/Decoupling(模塊化 /分解概念 ) is key to implementation ? Enables different inventory levels for different parts The Network Printer Example Stage 1 (Europe) Stage 2 + Integration (Far East) Customer (Europe) Board Printer Stage 1 (Europe) Integration (Europe) Customer (Europe) Board Printer Plastics, motors, etc. Stage 2 (Far East) Postponement ? Shortening lead times is not always possible ? How else can inventory levels be reduced and forecast accuracy improved? ? 制造何種產品和產品差異化的決策延遲在產品開始生產以后，使一類或一系列產品延遲區(qū)分為專門的產成品，這種方法稱為延遲產品差異。 ? 為什么延遲能有幫助？ –產品多樣性大部分只是微小的變化 ?延遲是可能的 –需求預測隨風險共享而變得精確了 ?延遲減少庫存水平 –通用產品可用風險共擔來預測 –具體衍生產品可到最后生成以滿足需求 實施延遲差異 ? 1. 重新排序 ? 對產品生產步驟進行修改 , 使對具體物品或產品進行差異化的生產步驟盡可能地往后延遲 . ? ? 案例 : 本尼頓公司用重新排序改善供應鏈運營 . Beton Background ? A world l
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