【正文】 p down, went down (2次 ), falling down (2次 ),tumbling down, fall off, fall through(2次 )； 表達瞌睡的詞或短語有： sleepy(2次 ), dozing off； 夢的表達有： in a dreamy sort of way, began to dream； 表示“看”的詞或短語有： peeped into , looked at(2次 ), had never before seen, look about, look down, noticed, saw(2次 )； 表示“想”的詞或短語有： thought(2次 ), was considering in her own mind, think（ 5次） , thought it over, it occurred to her… , wondered at, it flashed across her mind… ,considering, to think about, wonder(4次 ), think nothing of； 這些同義詞在同一語篇中同現(xiàn)，不僅起到了使詞匯豐富多彩的修辭作用，更為重要的是通過不同的表現(xiàn)形式表達了同樣的概念意義，使語段中，兩個或兩個以上的成分從 Halliday所說的經(jīng)驗意義（ experiential meaning）上彼此銜接，因此，同義詞的使用被看成是語篇銜接的手段之一。這些反義詞從正反兩個方面對某個或某些事物或現(xiàn)象進行描寫，從而使所在的句子或語篇上下銜接。人們可以利用這種語義關系使一些詞語相互替代或共同出現(xiàn)。下義關系的主要意義為“內(nèi)包”，即意義概括的詞（上義詞）“內(nèi)包”意義更為確定的詞（下義詞）。 而 第九段 中（ 17） 39。am, is this New Zealand or Australia?39。 至于局部整體關系則是實體的“內(nèi)包”，如 a White Rabbit包括 pink eyes；作為整體的深井（ a deep well）里有井壁（ the sides of the well），其間充滿了櫥柜和書架（ cupboards and bookshelves），又掛滿了地圖與圖畫（ maps and pictures）。 搭配 Halliday 和 Hasan（ 1976/2020:287）將搭配視為詞匯銜接的重要手段之一，認為搭配是一種含義較寬的 “general heading” 或 “cover term”。 比如，第十段描寫 Alice擔心 Dinah的飲食，用了 cats… milk… mice… bats… catch… eat。貓飲用牛奶是常見的現(xiàn)象；如果家人忘記喂食，貓就要“抓老鼠”（ catch a mouse），因為“貓－吃－老鼠”（ Cats eat mice.）也是自然現(xiàn)象。這些系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的語義成分一經(jīng)選擇在句內(nèi)則構成橫組合關系（ syntagmatic），表示一定的意義，屬于習慣性共現(xiàn)。 結語 本文從 Halliday 的系統(tǒng)功能語法的角度，以銜接系統(tǒng)理論為框架，對 Down the RabbitHole 從照應、連接、重述和搭配幾方面進行初步的探討；作為小說的第一章，本語篇不僅結構嚴瑾，體現(xiàn)為故事情節(jié)層層遞進： Alice因厭煩無所事事（第一段），所以想編雛菊花環(huán)（第二段）；因見到兔子好奇（第三段），所以尾隨其后 （第四段，過渡段）；結果掉進兔穴（第五段），于是在兔穴（深井）內(nèi)觀察 （第六段）；下跌過程中，展現(xiàn) Alice 的言行思想以便烘托下落的時間之久，洞穴之深（第七段至第十段）；而且全篇語義銜接、連貫，其語法詞匯的銜接方式與上下文語境（ Context of Cotext）和諧一致；因而故事一開頭就引人入勝，充滿藝術魅力。 Hasan, R. 1976/2020. Cohesion in English. London: Longman. /Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. Thompson, G. 1996/2020. Introducing Functional Grammar. London: Arnold./Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. 胡壯麟， 1994，《語篇的銜接與連貫》。 胡壯麟、朱永生、張德祿， 1989，《系統(tǒng)功能語法概論》。 黃國文， 1988，《語篇分析概要》。 黃國文， 2020，韓禮德系統(tǒng)功能語言學 40年發(fā)展述評。《外語與外語教學》 2020年第 12期。 朱永生、嚴世清， 2020，系統(tǒng)功能語言學多維思考。 朱永生、鄭立信、苗興偉， 2020，英漢語篇銜接手段對比研究。 張弓， 1993,《現(xiàn)代漢語修辭學》。 附錄 Alice39。and what is the use of a book,39。without pictures or conversation?39。 nor did Alice think it so VERY much out of the way to hear the Rabbit say to itself, 39。 (when she thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural)。 then she look ed at the sides of the well, and noticed that they were filled with cupboards and bookshelves。 it was labeled 39。, but to her great disappointment it was empty: she did not like to drop the jar for fear of killing somebody, so managed to put it into one of the cupboards as she fell past it. 39。 thought Alice to herself, 39。ll all think me at home! Why, I wouldn39。 (Which was very likely true.) Down, down, down. Would the fall NEVER e to an end! 39。ve fallen by this time?39。I must be getting somewhere near the centre of the earth. Let me see: that would be four thousand miles down, I think39。yes, that39。ve got to?39。I wonder if I shall fall right THROUGH the earth! How funny it39。 (she was rather glad there WAS no one listening, this time, as it didn39。but I shall have to ask them what the name of the country is, you know. Please, Ma39。 (and she tried to curtsey as she spokefancy CURTSEYING as you39。And what an ignorant little girl she39。ll never do to ask: perhaps I shall see it written up somewhere.39。Dinah39。 (Dinah was the cat.) 39。ll remember her saucer of milk at teatime. Dinah my dear! I wish you were down here with me! There are no mice in the air, I39。s very like a mouse, you know. But do cats eat bats, I wonder?39。Do cats eat bats? Do cats eat bats?39。Do bats eat cats?39。t answer either question, it didn39。Now, Dinah, tell me the truth: did you ever eat a bat