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英語—英語商務(wù)合同的文體特征和翻譯技巧-在線瀏覽

2025-02-08 03:18本頁面
  

【正文】 e to be seen easily in contracts, and although long sentences make it difficult to understand and translate, they clearly convey both parties’ rights and obligations. In that way, contract appears more precise, accurate and logical. Textual Features As we know, business English contract is defined as one of the legal documents. It has the formative structure, and as it has been introduced in the Part One, it consists of 3 parts, namely, the head, the body, and the tail. There are two formative structure features of the text. The first one is the application of the legal format. And the second one is the parallel construction. Application of the Legal Format The business contract is a legal document that ensures the rights and obligations of both parties, so it plies with the legal logic, which is “assumptionhandlesanction”. The legal language requires pleteness and standard, therefore, it often includes the three logical parts into one sentence. Correspondingly, the plex sentences which contain the conditional sentences often appear in the text. Thus “if X, then Y shall do Z” is the format of the legal English. For example, Example 1: If Buyer fails to ply with the conditions of this article, Seller may, in addition to any other remedies, suspend all performance until Buyer has so plied. 若買方未能遵循該條款,賣方除采取其他 補救措施以外,可中止履行該合同直至買方繼續(xù)履行該條款。 Parallel Construction Parallel construction can make the text smooth and rhythmic. The use of parallel construction in words can be proved from the synonyms mentioned above. From the grammatical level, it can be found in the same construction of the sentences, such as the following examples extracted from the business English contract. Should the Seller fail to deliver the contracted goods or effect the shipment in time by reason of war, flood, fire, storm, heavy snow or any other causes beyond their control, the time of shipment might be duly extended , or alternatively a part or whole of the contract might be cancelled without any liability attached to the Seller but the seller have to furnish the buyers with a certificate attesting such event or events. 如因戰(zhàn)爭、水災(zāi)、火災(zāi)、暴風(fēng)雪、大雪或其他任何賣方不能控制之原因,賣方不能交貨或不能按期裝運, 則可適當(dāng)延遲裝運期或撤銷合同之全部或部分訂貨,而賣方不負(fù)責(zé)任 。 In this example, “and”, “or”, mas and semicolons are the tools frequently used in English foreign trade contracts to form a parallel structure. Here faithfulness occupies the predominance for translation. Commas and semicolons keep intact。 “and” as “和 ”, “并 ”, “及 ”, “以及 ” or “并且 ”. The English contract drafter is apt to employ the parallel structures to list the documents or certificates to be issued or certified, especially in the payment and shipment clauses. For example, Document to be submitted by the Sellers to the Bank for negotiation: (a) Full set cleanonboard shipped Bill of Lading (b) Invoice (c) Inspection Certificate on Quality and Inspection Certificate on Weight issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau at the port of shipment (d) Insurance Policy 向銀行議付時,賣方應(yīng)提交下列單據(jù): (a) 全套清潔已裝船提單; (b) 發(fā)票; (c) 裝運口岸中國商品檢驗局出具之品質(zhì)檢驗書與重量檢驗書; (d) 保險單 Parallel structure is easy to be found in the business English contract, and with the help of the punctuations, words, phrases and sentences are arranged orderly with smooth rhythm, which contributes to clarify the rights and obligations of contracting parties, and avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation. Parallel contracture properly meets the requirement of the business English contract. 3 Translation theory of business English contract Business contracts are legal documents, have its unique characteristics. Therefore, understand the theory of contracts’ translation is the basic requirement of translating business contracts. This part is introduces the translation principles of business English contracts. Then, it analyzes the requirements of translators. Translation principles For many years, the three characters guide: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance has been regarded as the soul of translation theory. Although a little change is made to it, it still applies to a wide range of translation. According to the three characters guide, business English contract translation has new principles and requirements. It is known that translators of business contracts should find suitable style to convey both accurate information and preciseness style. Here four principles for translation of business contracts are put toward, ., accuracy, pactness, standardization and smoothness. Accuracy, the soul and the most important principle of translation of business English contract, means that translations should express the original meaning faithfully, exactly and prehensively without any distortion to the original idea. Translation of business English contracts would use every possible ways to ensure its precision. Usually elegance gives way to accuracy. For example, many adverbials or nominal structures are used in an unusual order. Compactness implies that the translated version must be clearly expressed and wellanized without signs of mechanical word for word translation or grammatical mistakes. If so, this would cause evasion of obligations or stretch of rights if someone maliciously takes advantage of it. Standardization demands strict attention not only to using effectively conventional expressions of target language but also to finding equivalent formula for source text. Accordingly, translators must always adopt established wording and phrasing devices to make them easier to be understood and also more suitable for contract style. fluency is by no means limited to be understood easily. In translating business contracts, we should carefully analyze sentence structures of the original so as not to be confined to their surface meaning . Requirements of translators
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