電大橋梁墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)考試題庫資料小抄匯總-在線瀏覽
2024-07-30 08:07本頁面
【正文】 3按樁土相互作用：豎向受荷樁（摩擦、端承），橫向受荷樁（主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)、豎直、斜）； 4按施工方法：沉樁（打入樁、振動(dòng)下沉樁、靜壓力樁），灌注樁（鉆挖孔灌注、沉管灌注），管柱基礎(chǔ)，鉆埋空心樁。 灌注水下混凝土（直升導(dǎo)管）的注意事項(xiàng) ： 1混凝土拌和必須均勻，減少中途運(yùn)輸?shù)木嚯x； 2灌注必須一氣呵成； 3灌注過程要 隨時(shí)測(cè)量孔內(nèi)混凝土標(biāo)高和導(dǎo)管入孔長(zhǎng)度，并及時(shí)調(diào)整； 4灌注樁頂標(biāo)高應(yīng)比設(shè)計(jì)值預(yù)加一定高度，最后應(yīng)人工鑿除。此時(shí)樁所受的荷載就是樁的極限承載力。 樁底阻力的影響因素：土的性質(zhì)，持力層上的覆荷載，樁徑，樁底作用力，時(shí)間和樁底進(jìn)入持力層深度有關(guān)。負(fù)摩阻力的發(fā)生將使樁側(cè)土的部分重力傳遞給樁，從而會(huì)使樁的承載能力降低，沉降加大。 1 文克爾假定 ：梁身 任一點(diǎn)的土抗力和該點(diǎn)的位移成正比。 還有 K法， c法，常數(shù)法。 1 單排樁的計(jì)算步驟 ： 1計(jì)算各樁樁頂多承受的荷載 P、 Q、 M； 2確定樁在最大沖刷線下的入土深度即樁長(zhǎng)； 3驗(yàn)算單樁軸向承載力； 4確定樁的計(jì)算寬度； 5計(jì)算樁 — 土變形系數(shù)； 6計(jì)算地面出樁截面的作用力 Q0、 M0，然后計(jì)算個(gè)截面的內(nèi)力； 7計(jì)算并驗(yàn)算樁頂位移和墩臺(tái)頂位移； 1 單樁剛度 ：對(duì)于多排樁，當(dāng)?shù)?i根樁樁頂產(chǎn)生單位位移或轉(zhuǎn)角時(shí)，在樁頂引起的內(nèi)力大小叫單樁剛度。 1 樁基礎(chǔ)類型的選擇 ：選擇樁基礎(chǔ)類型時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件，并考慮各種類型的樁具有的特點(diǎn)，綜合分析選擇。 2端承型和摩擦型的考慮，端承樁基礎(chǔ)承載力大，沉降小，當(dāng)基巖埋置較淺時(shí)，多用端承樁，深時(shí)，用摩擦樁。 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 沉井基礎(chǔ) ：它是以井內(nèi)挖土，依靠自身重力克服井壁摩阻力后下沉對(duì)哦設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高，然后經(jīng)過混凝土封底并填塞井孔而成的井筒狀深基礎(chǔ)。 沉井的分類 ： 1按施工方法：一般沉井、浮運(yùn)沉井。 3建筑材料分：混凝土沉井、鋼筋混凝土沉井、竹筋混凝土沉井和鋼沉井。 沉井的施工工序 ： 1旱地上沉井施工：平整場(chǎng)地、制造第一節(jié)沉井、拆模及抽墊、挖土下沉、接高沉井、筑井頂圍墻、地基檢驗(yàn)和處理、封底填充井孔及教主頂蓋 2筑島法：水流不大，水較淺。 2沉井下稱困難：主要是由于自身重力克服不了井壁摩阻力，或刃腳遇到大的障礙物所致。 沉井施工過程中的驗(yàn)算 ： 1自重下沉驗(yàn)算； 2第一節(jié)沉井的豎向撓曲驗(yàn)算； 3沉井刃腳受力驗(yàn)算；4井壁受力計(jì)算； 5混凝土封底及頂蓋的計(jì)算。 請(qǐng)刪除 O(∩ _∩ )O謝謝： Foreigners flock to China39。porcelain capital39。s 39。 Jingdezhen raises porcelain standard City39。s porcelain capital, where fine ceramics have been produced for more than 1,700 years, attracting numerous porcelain pilgrims from across the globe. Unlike huge Chinese metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai, Jingdezhen is a prefecturelevel city with no bar streets or international stores that are popular among expatriates. But despite its lack of Western chain stores, Jingdezhen is one of the most international cities in inland China, with ceramic studios owned by foreigners dotting the streets, the surrounding countryside and even remote mountaintops. When she first visited the city in 2021, De La Vega was impressed by the discarded pieces of porcelain she found lying around. I dug out many pieces from the soil around the ceramics works all the old Buddha heads, hands and feet, which I rebuilt into new sculptures and used in my next exhibition in Australia, she said. I love this place because the process of making ceramics is a very peaceful one. Visafree policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdu39。s level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the world39。s ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water control project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that
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