【正文】
an. Lou held a joint interview w ith 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interview s entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The interview s will be in Shaanx i and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as w ell as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xi39。s porcelain capital, where fine ceramics have been produced for more than 1,700 years, attracting numerous porcelain pilgrims from across the globe. Unlike huge Chinese metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai, Jingdezhen is a prefecturelevel city with no bar streets or international stores that are popular among expatriates. But despite its lack of Western chain stores, Jingdezhen is one of the most international cities in inland China, with ceramic studios owned by foreigners dotting the streets, the surrounding countryside and even remote mountaintops. When she first visited the city in 2021, De La Vega was impressed by the discarded pieces of porcelain she found lying around. I dug out many pieces from the soil around the ceramics works all the old Buddha heads, hands and feet, which I rebuilt into new sculptures and used in my next exhibition in Australia, she said. I love this place because the process of making ceramics is a very peaceful one. Visafree policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdu39。 請刪除 O(∩ _∩ )O謝謝: Foreigners flock to China39。 3建筑材料分:混凝土沉井、鋼筋混凝土沉井、竹筋混凝土沉井和鋼沉井。 1 樁基礎(chǔ)類型的選擇 :選擇樁基礎(chǔ)類型時,應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)計要求和現(xiàn)場條件,并考慮各種類型的樁具有的特點,綜合分析選擇。負摩阻力的發(fā)生將使樁側(cè)土的部分重力傳遞給樁,從而會使樁的承載能力降低,沉降加大。 樁基礎(chǔ)的適用條件 : 1荷載較大,地基圖層軟弱,持力層位置較深; 2河床沖刷大 3對沉降要求敏感 4結(jié)構(gòu)需承受較大水平荷載時 5施工水位較高時 6地震地區(qū),在可液化地基中,可提高抗震能力; 樁基礎(chǔ)的分類 : 1按承臺位置:高樁承臺基礎(chǔ),低樁承臺基礎(chǔ); 2按設(shè)置效應(yīng):擠土,部分?jǐn)D土,非擠土; 3按樁土相互作用:豎向受荷樁(摩擦、端承),橫向受荷樁(主動、被動、豎直、斜); 4按施工方法:沉樁(打入樁、振動下沉樁、靜壓力樁),灌注樁(鉆挖孔灌注、沉管灌注),管柱基礎(chǔ),鉆埋空心樁。 剛性擴大基礎(chǔ)驗算的內(nèi)容 :地基承載力驗算(持力層強度或軟弱下臥層承載力驗算)、基底合力偏心距驗算、基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)定性和地基穩(wěn)定性驗算、基礎(chǔ)沉降驗算。 柔性排架墩計算制動力時 :各墩臺受力按墩頂抗推剛度分配,由橋墩抗推剛度和橡膠抗推剛度組合而成。 輕型橋墩的特點 :剛度小,受力后允許在一定的范圍內(nèi)發(fā)生彈性變形,以鋼筋混凝土為主。 X10=X1i=+()N*()= Eohp=CiCzKhβ 1γ 1X10G0=******= 計算簡圖如下圖,試計算橫橋向水平地震 Ci= Ce= Kn= β1= γ 1= Χ 1i=Χ 5+(Hi/H) (1/3)*(1X5) X5= G0= 解 :X10=X1i=+()N*()= Eohp=CiCzKhβ 1γ 1X10G0=******= 重力式橋墩特點 :靠自身重力來平衡外力。 2鋼筋混凝土薄壁橋臺(懸臂式、扶壁式、撐墻式及箱型式); 3加筋土橋臺(內(nèi)置式、外置式); 4埋置式橋臺 橋墩最不利作用效應(yīng)組合 : a按橋墩各截面上可能產(chǎn)生最大豎向力的情況組合; b按橋墩各截面在順橋向可能產(chǎn)生的最大偏心和最大彎矩的情況組合; c按橋墩各截面在橫橋向可能產(chǎn)生最大偏心矩和最大彎矩情況組合。 剛性基礎(chǔ) :當(dāng)基礎(chǔ)圬工具有足夠的截面使材料的容許應(yīng)力大于地基反力產(chǎn)生的彎曲應(yīng)力和剪應(yīng)力時,基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)不需要配置受力鋼筋,這種基礎(chǔ)稱為剛性基礎(chǔ)。 1 板樁墻的作用 :擋住基坑四周的土體,防止土體下滑和防止水從坑避周圍滲入或從坑底上涌,避免滲水過大或形成流沙影響基坑開挖。 樁側(cè)和樁底摩阻力的影響因素 :樁與土之間的相對位移,土的性質(zhì),樁的剛度,時間因素,土中應(yīng)力狀態(tài)和樁的施工方 法有關(guān)。 1 樁的換算寬度 :樁在水平外力作用下,除了樁身寬度范圍內(nèi)樁側(cè)土受擠壓外,在樁身寬度以外的一定范圍內(nèi)的土體都受到一定的影響,將樁的設(shè)計寬度換算成相當(dāng)實際工作條件下矩形截面樁的寬度,這個寬度稱為換算寬度。 沉井基礎(chǔ)的特