電大橋梁墩臺基礎期末復習考試題庫資料小抄匯總(完整版)
【正文】 保證地基強度 )； 2河流的沖刷深度度 （基礎必須設置在設計洪水最大沖刷先以下不小于 1m等）； 3還要考慮當?shù)氐膬鼋Y深度 （基礎必須埋置在最深凍結線以下不小于 ）； 4上部結構的形式 （上部結構的形式不同 ，對基礎產(chǎn)生的位移要求也不同）； 5保證持力層穩(wěn)定所需要的最小埋置深度 （必須考慮把基礎設置在變形較小，而強度又比較大的持力層上）。 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 樁基礎的特點 ：具有較高的承載力、穩(wěn)定性好、沉降量小而且均勻、在深基礎中具有耗用材料少、施工簡便等特點。 負摩阻及其危害 ：當樁周圍土體因某種原因發(fā)生下沉，其沉降變形大于樁身變形時，在樁側表面將出現(xiàn)向下作用的摩阻力，稱其為負摩阻力。 1 群樁效應 ：摩擦型群樁基礎受豎向荷載后，由于承臺、樁、土的相互疊加作用使其樁側阻力、樁端阻力、沉降等性狀發(fā)生變化而與單樁明顯不同，這種群樁所產(chǎn)生的效應。 2平面形狀：圓形、圓端型和矩形；立面形狀：豎直式、傾斜式和臺階式。 針對軟弱地基處理的目的：提高地 基的抗剪強度，增大地基承載能力，防止剪切破壞和減輕土壓力；改善地基壓縮性能，減少沉降和不均勻沉降；改善滲透性能，加速固結沉降過程；改善土的動力性，防止液化；消除或減少土的不良工程特性 地基處理的方法 ： 1物理：置換、排水、擠密、加筋； 2化學：攪拌、灌漿； 3熱處理：熱加固、凍結。s long history of fine ceramics lures followers from across the world, report Peng Yining and Hu Kaiyong in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. Dressed in paintstained coveralls, China De La Vega easily navigated the maze of alleyways running alongside a ceramics factory in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. The 31yearold Australian potter and painter wound her way through armies of onemeterhigh ceramic Buddhas and piles of porcelain shards while nodding greetings to the workers and residents. She said the locals are used to seeing foreigners in Jingdezhen, China39。s cooperation w ith Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it w as when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for acmodating industrial transfers from East China or the w orld at large, he said on Wednesday in Xi39。an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe. The pursuit of beauty is a mon goal for most women, whether they live in the modern world today or in the modest times of the past. The pursuit of beauty is also a lifelong journey, something that demands pe rseverance and mitment. Summer is here, and so are the hot temperatures, humid air and harmful UV rays. Most Chinese women perfer fairer plexions, which means they have to do more work to stay beautiful during the hottest time of the year. However, without SPF50 sunscreens and air conditioned rooms, how did women in ancient China cope with the heat and remain beautyconscious? In this article, you39。s 72hour visafree policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a three
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