chap23宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理,曼昆,中英文雙語(參考版)
2025-05-10 18:04本頁面
【正文】 。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) u GDP 是經(jīng)濟(jì)福利的一個良好衡量指標(biāo)，因?yàn)槿藗儗Ω呤杖氲钠么笥诘褪杖搿? Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。實(shí)際 GDP 用不變的基年價(jià)格來評價(jià)經(jīng)濟(jì)中物品與勞務(wù)的生產(chǎn)。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary u Nominal GDP uses current prices to value the economy’s production. Real GDP uses constant baseyear prices to value the economy’s production of goods and services. u The GDP deflatorcalculated from the ratio of nominal to real GDPmeasures the level of prices in the economy. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 u GDP分為四個組成部分：消費(fèi)、投資、政府購買和凈出口。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary u GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. u GDP is divided among four ponents of expenditure: consumption, investment, government purchases, and exports. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 u 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 (GDP) 衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)用于新生產(chǎn)的物品與勞務(wù)的總支出，以及生產(chǎn)這些物品與勞務(wù)所賺到的總收入。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary u Because every transaction has a buyer and a seller, the total expenditure in the economy must equal the total ine in the economy. u Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures an economy’s total expenditure on newly produced goods and services and the total ine earned from the production of these goods and services. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。2022 SouthWestern 表 3. GDP、 預(yù)期壽命與識字率 Copyright169。 u 幾乎所有在市場之外進(jìn)行的活動的價(jià)值，如父母在家照顧孩子的時間的價(jià)值和義務(wù)工作的價(jià)值。 u 閑暇的價(jià)值。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. GDP and Economic WellBeing u Some things that contribute to wellbeing are not included in GDP. u The value of leisure. u The value of a clean environment. u The value of almost all activity that takes place outside of markets, such as the value of the time parents spend with their children and the value of volunteer work. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 u GDP is not a perfect measure of the happiness or quality of life, however. 但是， GDP并不是幸福或生活質(zhì)量的完美衡量指標(biāo)。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. GDP and Economic WellBeing GDP和經(jīng)濟(jì)福利 u GDP is the best single measure of the economic wellbeing of a society. GDP是社會經(jīng)濟(jì)福利一個最好的衡量指標(biāo)。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. 100X )d e f lat o r ( G D P) G D P ( N o m in al =G D P R e al2 0 x x2 0 x x2 0 x xConverting Nominal GDP to Real GDP 將名義 GDP轉(zhuǎn)換成實(shí)際 GDP Nominal GDP is converted to real GDP as follows: 轉(zhuǎn)換如下： Table 2 Real and Nominal GDP 實(shí)際與名義 GDP Copyright169。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. GDP Deflator GDP平減指數(shù) u The GDP deflator measures the current level of prices relative to the level of prices in the base year. GDP平減指數(shù) 衡量相對于基年價(jià)格的現(xiàn)期物價(jià)水平。2022 SouthWestern 計(jì)算名義 GDP: 2022 ($1/個熱狗 X 100個） +（ $2/個漢堡 X 50個）＝ ￥ 200 2022 ($2/個熱狗 X 100個） +（ $3/個漢堡 X 50個）＝ ￥ 600 2022 ($3/個熱狗 X 100個） +（ $4/個漢堡 X 50個）＝ ￥ 1200 Table 2 Real and Nominal GDP 實(shí)際與名義 GDP Copyright169。 Table 2 Real and Nominal GDP 實(shí)際與名義 GDP Copyright169。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. Real versus Nominal GDP 實(shí)際 GDP與名義 GDP u Nominal GDP values the production of goods and services at current prices. 名義 GDP——按現(xiàn)期價(jià)格計(jì)算的物品與勞務(wù)產(chǎn)出的價(jià)值量。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. GDP and Its Components (2022) Consumption 69% Government Purchases 18% Net Exports 3 % Investment 16% Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。2022 SouthWestern Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 u 政府購買不包括轉(zhuǎn)移支付，因?yàn)檫@種支付并不要求交換現(xiàn)在生產(chǎn)的物品與勞務(wù)。 2022 by Harcourt, Inc. The Components of GDP u Government Purchases (G): u The spending on goods and services by local, state, and federal governments. u Does not include transfer pay
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