【導(dǎo)讀】戲劇藝術(shù)成熟的標志。該劇以豐富的時代內(nèi)涵、生動的人物形象、復(fù)雜的矛盾沖突以及曲折。多變的故事情節(jié)，給人們留下深刻的印象，吸引著他們對其不斷的進行解讀。從情節(jié)、人物、矛盾沖突等多方面分析《哈姆雷特》戲劇中的悲劇色彩。透過復(fù)雜的故事情。節(jié)，該劇展示了十六世紀英國的動蕩與混亂。該劇中任務(wù)眾多，不同的任務(wù)有不同的性格，從而決定了他們最終的歸宿。務(wù)之間的斗爭，反映了文藝復(fù)興時期先進人物為實現(xiàn)美好理想向社會惡勢力所進行的斗爭。作為文藝復(fù)興的核心，人文主義在當時是一種新興思潮，但卻遭到失敗。作為人文主義者的。典型代表，哈姆雷特對人類抱有美好的看法。他相信人類的智慧、高雅和力量。因而只能以生命的代價換來精神上的勝。作為時代的縮影，《哈姆雷特》揭示了人文主義理想破滅的必然性。

　　

【正文】 the conflict between the advanced people and evil force in Renaissance. However, it is a plicated time, with the social crime of feudal force and the capital accumulation, it is a gloom time, and it is destined to fail for the advanced people. Conclusion With abundant and vivid plots, Hamlet reveals an important thought: in the later of Renaissance, the central state power was stable, the system of government was charged by the King. The King abandoned the capitalist class, arbitrarily and dictatorially, he forcibly occupied all the benefit。 in political, he went against the progressive measure, then the feudal force had the chance to state a eback, all the country was filled with foul, and each trying to cheat the other. Under such background, the capital humanists were angry with it. All the ordinary people even could not bear the exploitation ing from the feudal and original accumulation, but they could do nothing to help themselves. Such phenomenon was just about which happened before the bourgeoisie revolutionary in 1645. Humanists had the thought to remove the unfivable King and reverse the situation, but they fell into hesitation, because the responsibility for them was hard to plete. Taking the court of Denmark in the Middle Ages for the background, according to the story of Hamlet?s revenge for his father?s death, Hamlet describes the truth England and the Europe society in the later Renaissance. It reveals the author?s selfquestioning on Renaissance movement and his carelessness on people?s life and future. The Renaissance promotes Europe into the time human beings awakening. People?s belief to God began to shake, under the flag of “personality liberation”。 it was the custom to do what you like to. For one side, people?s thought liberated, which promoted the development of the social civilization. In the other side, especially in the later of Renaissance, it was full of overflow of selfish desire and social?s confusion. Encountering such an enthusiasm and confused time, instead of the optimistic and romantic brought by the humanism, Shakespeare shows us the hidden danger which hided in the ideal and progress. It is destined to fail for humanists. Hamlet is the reflection of such social phenomena. Acknowledgements I would like to take this opportunity to thank my tutor—Chen Shunjiang, who offers me academic and constructive advices on posing this paper. His encouragement and help are worthy of high acknowledgement. During the learning of my paper, Mr. Chen gives me much good and valuable advice on my course, and provides me many opportunities to do practice. Because of those opportunities, I can accumulate much practical experience and precious theories for this paper. In the process of posing this paper, he helps me correct this paper and make it more perfect. I would like to express my thanks to those who spend their time in reading my paper, and I will be grateful if you could give me your advice, and I will appreciate them very well. Because I know that will be beneficial and helpful in my life. Meanwhile, I?d like to say thanks to my dear friends, Tang Xuejin, Li Jiangtao, Shu Qing, and so on, who give my ideas in my work, so that I can plete my paper on time. I hope I can apply my knowledge to my practical job in the future, and make some achievements during my career. Bibliography [1] Bradley. A C. Lecture IV: Hamlet. London: Macmillan, 1922. [2] Cartwright Kent. Remembering Hamlet, University Park, Penn: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991. [3] Michael Mangan. A Preface to Shakespeare?s Tragedy. Peking University Press, 2021. [4] William Shakespeare. Hamle, Prince of Denmar.. The Oxford Standard Authors Edition. 1601. [5] Zhang Longxi. Reading Shakespeare: Hamlet. Room G07, Lee Wai Chun Building, CUHK, 2021. [6] 卞之琳（譯）．哈姆雷特 [M] ．人文出版社 ,1956． [7] 黃源．外國文學(xué)史新編 [M] ．浙江文藝出版社， 1987． [8] 基托．哈姆雷特 [M] ．北京：中國社會科學(xué)出版社， 1981， P427450． [9] 孟憲強．外國文學(xué) [M] ．河南：河南教育出版社， 1988． [10] 施咸榮．借鑒與探討 ——外國文學(xué)部分 [M] ．北京：北京十月文藝出版社， 1986． [11] 王守仁．英國文學(xué)選讀（第二版） [M] ．北京：高等教育出版社， 2021． [12] 王佐良等．歐洲文化入門 [M] ．北京：外語教學(xué)與研究出版社， 2021． [13] 楊周翰．莎士比亞評論匯篇 [M] ．北京：中社會科學(xué)出版社， 1981． [14] 張泗洋等．莎士比亞引論 [M] ．北京：中國戲劇出版社， 1989． [15] 張泗洋．莎士比亞的三 重戲劇（研究、演出、教學(xué)） [M] ．吉林：東北師范大學(xué)出版社， 1988． [16] 朱維之等．外國文學(xué)簡編第四版 [M] ．中人民大學(xué)出版社， 1999． [17] 朱生豪．莎士比亞全集 [M] ．北京：人民文學(xué)出版社， 1981． Cultures in Nonverbal Communication 非言語交際文化 Abstract People usually rely on languages to municate, to express their thought or to transmit the information. But there exists another means to convey the information during human?s munication, that?s nonverbal munication, which is an ancient and convenient form. It is necessary to employ nonverbal munication to express vividly during information transmission and thought and feeling exchanging. People usually use different parts of the body to convey the message and exchange their ideas. This is so called nonverbal munication, which includes gestures, posture, facial expression, distance between speakers, clothes of municators and so on. Body language differs from culture to culture, therefore body language in different countries means differently. So it is necessary to understand the relationship between nonverbal munication and culture clearly in the crosscultural munication. In this paper, the writer analyzes certain types of body language, such as distance munications occurs, physical contact, eye contact, smile and laughter and so on。 and then explore application of body language, such as greetings, signs of affection, physical contact and so forth。 finally the writer makes a parative study between Chinese and American body language. Key Words crossculture。 nonverbal munication。 body language。 culture differences 摘 要