【導(dǎo)讀】除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文不包含任何其他人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)。表或撰寫過的作品成果。對本文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體，均已在文中以明確。本人完全意識到本聲明的法律結(jié)果由本人承擔(dān)。英國作家瑪麗·雪萊是十八世紀(jì)末，十九世紀(jì)初英國浪漫主義文學(xué)不可忽略的人物。蘭肯斯坦是一位從事人的生命科學(xué)研究的學(xué)者。他創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)面目可憎，奇丑無。這人造的怪物秉性善良，對人充滿了善意和感恩之情。的弟弟，又企圖謀害他的未婚妻。弗蘭肯斯坦懷著滿腔怒火追捕他所創(chuàng)造的惡魔。般的怪物，最后和怪物同歸于盡。對《弗蘭肯斯坦》的解讀有很多，從早期傳記的研。究、女權(quán)主義分析、到人性批評等，不一而足。本論文從作者的生活經(jīng)歷、家庭背景、感情，以及小說本身與浪漫主義的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。

　　

【正文】 rend, resulting in the eighteenth century to the early nieenth century the bourgeois revolution and the era of rising national liberation movement. It is against the feudal autocracy in politics, in art and classical opposition, are rising period of a capitalist ideology. Romantic elements in the novel Many of the main ideas behind the literary movement of Romanticism can be seen in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. Although the dark motifs of her most remembered work, Frankenstein may not seem to conform to the brighter tones and subjects of the poems of her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley, and their contemporaries and friends, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Mary Shelley was a contemporary of the romantic poets. Despite this apparent difference, Mary Shelley was deeply influenced by the romantics, and the reader of Frankenstein can certainly identify a number of characteristics of romanticism in this novel. Some critics have argued that Frankenstein is actually more sophisticated than the prose of other romantic writers, as this novel “initiates a rethinking of romantic rhetoric” This rethinking is achieved by Shelley?s engaging and simultaneously challenging the typical romantic tropes, which results in the production of a novel that is “more plex than we had earlier thought”. The introduction of Gothic elements to Frankenstein questions the facile assumptions of romanticism, thereby redefining and contextualizing the romantic text. In short, the argument can be made that through Frankenstein, Shelley not only engages with Romanticism, she exceeds much of what her contemporaries were writing by taking the movement one step further. Before discussing this aspect of Shelley?s work, it is necessary to lay forth the ideological groundwork underlying Romanticism as a literary movement. The romantic period was characterized by a marked departure from the ideas and techniques of the literary period that preceded it, which was more scientific and rational in nature. Romantic poetry and prose, by contrast, was intended to express a new and visionary relationship to the imagination. The romantic poets were always seeking a way to capture and represent the sublime moment and experience, and the more personal that moment had been, the better. The speakers in many of the romantic poems, for instance, are virtually indistinguishable from the authors themselves. This is one of the ways in which Shelley, then, both embraces and simultaneously contests this particular romantic ideal. The moment which Shelley describes in Frankenstein is neither a moment recalled from her personal experience, such as a contemplative moment in nature, nor is the narrative voice her own, yet she is still portraying a particular quest to achieve the sublime. That quest, of course, is Victor Frankenstein?s effort to create a living being out of raw material in his laboratory. It is particularly curious that this quest occurs within the confines of Victor?s private, secluded laboratory, which is unlike the natural, pastoral environments of so many romantic texts. Yet, note the nature imagery in the following line, in which Victor expresses his feelings about the undertaking in one of the important quotes from Frankenstein by Mary Shelley : “No one can conceive the variety of feelings which bore me onwards, like a hurricane, in the first enthusiasm of success,” he tells the reader, recalling the heady project in his lab. “Life and death appeared to me ideal bounds, which I should first break through…. A new species would bless me as its creator and source。 many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me”. Victor Frankenstein is a romantic character to the extent that he reflected the romantic writers? emphasis on a new way of seeing. The romantics believed that it was individual and collective visual imagination that would create a new understanding of the world and lead to a more perfect version of human beings and the societies in which they lived. Victor is the ultimate dreamer, who is preoccupied by otherworldly concerns and unattainable ideals. In this sense, he is highly romantic. Beyond character portrayals, however, there are several important romantic themes and ideas that are presented in Frankenstein. First, as this thesis statement for Frankenstein and Romanticism suggests, nature plays an important role in Frankenstein, although to the reader familiar with romantic poetry, it may seem that nature is somewhat less important or less central than the role it plays, for example, in the poetry of Percy Shelley, or in the romanticism examples of poetry of Wordsworth, and Coleridge. Noheless, from the novel?s opening, the importance of the reader getting a sense of physical place is established by situating the text within a particular environment, the qualities of which will both mirror and contradict the inner states of the main characters. Victor notes that the landscape of the Orkneys and that of his native country are quite distinct. His description of the Orkneys is cold, barren, gray, and rough. In contrast, he recalls Switzerland as colorful and lively. He describes the Swiss hills in true Romanticism form as covered with verdant vines and the landscape as teeming with blue lakes that reflect the brilliant blue sky. The final parison that he draws is between the winds of each place. In Switzerland, the winds are “but…the play of a lively infant”, not the tormented sea squalls that batter the rock face of the Orkneys. It is symbolic, of course, that Victor has chosen such a barren place to create the panion for the Creature. The contrast between the two places is as stark and distinct as the differences between Frankenstein39。s Creature and the human world. The Creature occupies a world that is bleak, that is attacked on all sides by an unfiving set of condition