【正文】 od firmly in place in the center of the piston. III. Exercises ?3．頂部的兩道保證活塞與氣缸壁間密封的環(huán)叫做氣環(huán)。底下的一道防止機(jī)油飛濺到缸筒從而竄入燃燒室的環(huán)叫做油環(huán)。 ?The top two rings are to keep the gases in the cylinder and are called pression rings. The lower one prevents the oil splashed onto the cylinder bore from entering the bustion chamber, and is called an oil ring. III. Exercises ?variable pression ratio 縮寫 VCR ?可變壓縮比 ?Function: ?Satisfying high pression for starting and lower pression under load III. Exercises Specialized English for Automobile Specialized English for Automobile Unit 24 Crankshaft and Flywheel Contents I. Prequestions II. Text Explanation III. Exercises I. Prequestions What?s the crankshaft assembly posed of? crankshaft bearings timing gear flywheel belt pulley I. Prequestions ?What is regarded as the “backbone” of the engine and why? ?Crankshaft, because it can change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and handle the entire power output. Components： I. Prequestions rod journal crankshaft journal rear end balanced weight crank front end ?What?s the function of the flywheel? ?helping the engine to run smoothly by absorbing some of the energy during the power stroke and releasing it during the other strokes； ?carrying the clutch, which transmits the drive to the gearbox； ?has the starter ring gear around its circumference. I. Prequestions ?Where is the flywheel in the engine? ?the rear of the crankshaft. I. Prequestions the starter ring gear II. Text Explanation ? The periodic gas and inertia forces taken by the crankshaft may cause it to suffer wear and bending or distortion. ? bending [?bendi?] ? n. 彎曲 (度 ), 撓度 ? distortion [dis?t????n] ? n. 扭曲 , 變形 , 曲解 , 失真 ? 譯文： 周期性的氣體作用力和慣性力作用于曲軸，會(huì)使曲軸遭受磨損、彎曲或扭曲變形。 ?Periodic [,pi?ri39。?dik] adj. ?周期的 ,周期性的 。定期的 ?時(shí)而發(fā)生的 。間歇 (性 )的 ?the periodic motion of a pla ?行星的周期運(yùn)動(dòng) ?be taken by ?對(duì) ...很喜愛(ài)， 被 ...迷住 , 被 ...吸引 II. Text Explanation ?Inertia [in39。?:?i?] n. ?1. 慣性 。慣量 。惰性 Inertia carried the train past the station. 慣性 使火車駛過(guò)了車站。 ?2. 不活動(dòng) 。遲鈍 。懶惰 I get a feeling of inertia on a hot summer day. 在盛夏我有一種 懶洋洋 的感覺(jué)。 II. Text Explanation ?In order to reduce or eliminate such vibration, it must be provided with counter balanced weights that extend radically from the crankshaft centerline in the opposite direction of the crank arms. ?譯文： 為了減少或消除振動(dòng)，它必須裝有平衡重，而且平衡重應(yīng)徑向地從曲軸中心線向曲柄相對(duì)的方向延伸安裝。 II. Text Explanation ? eliminate [i?limineit] vt. 排除 , 消除 ? vibration [vai?brei??n] ? n. 振動(dòng) , 顫動(dòng) , 搖動(dòng) , 擺動(dòng) ? counter balanced weight 平衡重 ? crank arm 曲柄 II. Text Explanation ?be provided with 為 ......提供 ….. 裝備 ?provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb ?為某人提供什么 ?Sheep provide us with wool. ?羊供給我們羊毛。 ?They are ill provided with food. ?他們的食品不足。 II. Text Explanation ?As well as its function is to help the engine to run smoothly by absorbing some of the energy during the power stroke and releasing it during the other strokes； ?譯文 ：（飛輪）的作用是通過(guò)吸收作功行程的能量和在其它行程釋放能量，促使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)； II. Text Explanation ?the power stroke 作功行程 ?As well as 和，也，還 （連接詞 and） ?The boss provided lunch as well as breakfast. ?老板提供午餐還有早餐。 ?She sings as well as playing the piano. ?她不但會(huì)彈鋼琴，而且會(huì)唱歌。 ?I as well as they am ready to help you. ?不僅他們?cè)敢鈳椭?，我也愿意幫助你? II. Text Explanation ?The rod journals are hollow in order to reduce the crankshaft inertia. ?The rod journals 連桿軸頸 ?譯文： 為了減少曲軸的慣性，連桿軸頸是中空的。 II. Text Explanation ? main bearing journal ? rod journal ? crank arm ? counter balanced weight ? timing gear ? front and rear seals ? top dead center ? multicylinder engine ? bearing cap ? belt pulley III. Exercises ?Translate the following expressions into Chinese. ?主軸頸 ?連桿軸頸 ?曲柄 ?平衡重 ?正時(shí)齒輪 ?前后油封 ?上止點(diǎn) ?多缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) ?軸承 ?皮帶輪 III. Exercises cranking claw timing gear main bearing belt pulley tortional vibration damper flywheel flywheel bolt crankshaft ?The crankshaft , regarded as the “backbone ” of the engine, serves to change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and handles the entire power output. The crankshaft is actually made up of various parts such as main bearing journal, rod journal, crank arm, counterbalanced weight and flywheel. The connecting rod links its large end to the crankshaft and its small end to the piston . III. Exercises ?I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. ?1． The crankshaft, regarded as the “backbone” of the engine, serves to change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and handles the entire power output. ?曲軸作為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的支柱，可將活塞的往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換成旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，并且將整個(gè)能量輸出。 ?2． The crankshaft is either fed from high quality steel or cast in highstrong iron. ?曲軸或者是用高質(zhì)量的鋼整體鑄造而成，或者是用高強(qiáng)度的鐵鑄成。 III. Exercises ?3． The number of bearings used usually depends on the number of cylinders in the engine, and the design of the engine. ?曲軸主軸承的數(shù)量常常取決于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)缸體的數(shù)量和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)。 III. Exercises ?II. Translate the following sentences into English. ?1．曲軸的作用是把往復(fù)動(dòng)力變?yōu)樾D(zhuǎn)動(dòng)力。 ?The crankshaft serves to change the reciprocating power into rotary power. ?2．飛輪由碳鋼制成。它安裝在曲軸的后面。 ?The flywheel is made from carbon steel. It fits onto the rear of the crankshaft. ?3．飛輪可通過(guò)離合器，將動(dòng)力傳給變速箱。 ?The flywheel can carry the clutch, which transmits the drive to the gearbox. III. Exercises ?The main bearings are designed as two