【正文】 ?The crankshaft serves to change the reciprocating power into rotary power. ?2．飛輪由碳鋼制成。 II. Text Explanation ?As well as its function is to help the engine to run smoothly by absorbing some of the energy during the power stroke and releasing it during the other strokes； ?譯文 ：（飛輪）的作用是通過吸收作功行程的能量和在其它行程釋放能量，促使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)； II. Text Explanation ?the power stroke 作功行程 ?As well as 和，也，還 （連接詞 and） ?The boss provided lunch as well as breakfast. ?老板提供午餐還有早餐。慣量 。 ?The piston pin fits through one side of the piston, through the small end of the rod, and then through the other side of the piston. It holds the rod firmly in place in the center of the piston. III. Exercises ?3．頂部的兩道保證活塞與氣缸壁間密封的環(huán)叫做氣環(huán)。 She braked suddenly and avoided an accident. 她緊急剎車 ,避免 了一場(chǎng)車禍。 ?The knife easily cut into the cake. ?刀一下子就 切進(jìn) 了蛋糕。 III. Exercises ?3． The cylinders of multicylinder automotive engines are arranged in one of three ways. ?多缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的氣缸排列方式是這三種形式之一。 II. Text Explanation Cylinder gasket Function ： fitted between the cylinder block and cylinder head to seal the area between them and prevent leakage of gas, oil and water . Pay attention to the direction when fixing II. Text Explanation ?In order to make the aluminum stronger and less likely to warp, certain materials are added to the metal or a steel liner placed in the block. ?In order to 為了 ?We started early in order to arrive before dark. ?為了在天黑前到達(dá) ,我們很早就動(dòng)身了。影響到 The letter is chiefly concerned with export modities. 這封信主要是關(guān)于出口商品的。 ?An engine is mainly posed of two mechanisms and five systems. ?2．曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)主要包括機(jī)體組，活塞連桿組和曲軸飛輪組。 II. Text Explanation ? Of all automobile ponents, an automobile engine is the most plicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an automobile. ? plicated [?k?mplikeitid] ? , 難解的 ? dominance [?d?m?n?ns] , 統(tǒng)治 ? 譯文： 汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是一切汽車部件中結(jié)構(gòu)最復(fù)雜，對(duì)汽車功能起支配作用的一個(gè)總成。 5differential。 II. Text Explanation ?by means of 用 ….. 方式（方法），依靠 ?They succeeded by means of perseverance. ?他們依靠堅(jiān)忍不拔而獲得成功。Specialized English for Automobile Unit one Automobile Structure Contents I. Prequestions II. Text Explanation III. Exercises ?Types of Modern Automobiles ?1） cars ?2） passenger cars ?3） trucks ?4） tractors and vehicle bination ?5） special type vehicle ?6） Selfdumping car ?7） farm vehicle ?8) offroad vehicle I. Prequestions Special vehicle car Tractor Truck Passenger Cars with respect to engine arrangement and driving type engine arrangement and driving type diagram front engine 、 frontwheel drive front engine 、 rearwheel drive Rear engine、 rearwheel drive I. Prequestions ?Do you know who built the first car in the world and when? ?Karl Benz ?In 1886 I. Prequestions ?How many main parts does the automobile consist of? 1engine 2chassis 3body 4electrical system I. Prequestions ?Which is called the “ heart” of automobile? ?An engine that is used to supply power for an automobile ?What is the chassis posed of? ?driving system, running gear, steering system and brake system. I. Prequestions Driving system Brake system Steering system running gear I. Prequestions ? What is the electrical system posed of? ?The electric system includes the battery, generator, starting system, ignition system, lighting system, horn system, radio and other devices. I. Prequestions ?What are the functions of the four systems? ?Driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. ?Suspension system?s function is to increase strength and durability of ponents and to meet customers? requirements for riding fort and driving safety. ?Steering system is used to control the driving direction of an automobile. ? Brake system is used to retard the motion of the vehicle. I. Prequestions ?In other words, any automobile is posed of the sections such as engine, chassis, body and electric system. ?In other words 換句話說 ?be posed of 由 …. 組成 ? 譯文： 換句話說，任何一輛汽車都是由發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、底盤、車身和電器設(shè)備組成的。 ?He always goes to school by means of bike ?他總是騎自行車上學(xué) II. Text Explanation II. Text Explanation ? In 1956, the No. 1 Auto Plant was established in Changchun, and turned out the first batch of liberation automobiles for our country. ? establish , 設(shè)立 , 確定 ? turned out vt. 生產(chǎn) , 起床 , 翻出 , 制造 , 關(guān)掉 ? 譯文： 在 1956年，一汽在長(zhǎng)春成立了，并且為我們國(guó)家生產(chǎn)出了第一批解放牌轎車。 6rear axle ?The motor vehicle engine is basically a device for converting the internal energy stored in its fuel into mechanical energy. It is classified as an internal bustion engine by virtue of this energy conversion taking place within the engine cylinders . Since the term ”energy” implies the capacity to perform work, the engine is thus able to propel the vehicle along the road and, within limits, overe unwanted opposition to its motion arising from rolling friction and air drag. To facilitate this process the engine is bined with a transmission system. III. Exercises ?I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. ?In effect, the driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. ?實(shí)際上，傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的作用是將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力傳遞到驅(qū)動(dòng)車輪。 II. Text Explanation ?Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles. ?Convert……into….. 轉(zhuǎn)變；變換 ?譯文： 它的作用就是將熱能轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)械能用來驅(qū)動(dòng)汽車 。 ?The crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism mainly consists of the engine crankcase and cylinder block, the piston and connecting rod, the crankshaft and flywheel. III. Exercises II. Translate the following sentences into English. ?3．水泵工作時(shí)，可以將冷卻液在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)水套中和散熱器之間