【正文】 ?排氣管 ?排氣歧管 ? 1cylinder head cover ? 2piston ? 3timing toothed belt ? 4water pump ? 5oil pan ? 6oil pump ? 7crankshaft ? 8flywheel ? 9distributor ? 10valve III. Exercises ?The crankshaft represents the final link in the conversion of reciprocating motion at the piston to one of rotation at the flywheel. In the cast of the multicylinder engine, the crankshaft has to control the relative motions of the pistons, while receiving their own impulses. A onepiece construction is most monly used for the motorvehicle crankshaft, which extends the whole length of the engine and must therefore possess considerable rigidity . III. Exercises ?The timingdrive for the engine valve mechanism is taken from the front end of the crankshaft as is the pulley and belt drive for the engine auxiliaries, such as the cooling fan and the alternator for electrical system. attached to the rear end of the crankshaft is the engine flywheel . III. Exercises ?I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. ?1． Engine is the power source of the automobile. Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder. ?發(fā)動機是汽車的動力源 .它通過汽缸內的活塞線性運動產生的 . ?2． The fuel system works according to the requirements of the engine as it provides an airfuel mixture which must be in proportion to the speed and load placed on the engine. ?燃油系統(tǒng)的作用是根據(jù)發(fā)動機的轉速和負荷提供一定比例的可燃混合氣以滿足發(fā)動機的需求。 II. Text Explanation ?Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles. ?Convert……into….. 轉變；變換 ?譯文： 它的作用就是將熱能轉換成機械能用來驅動汽車 。 ? An automobile is generally posed of four sections such as engine,chassis, body and electrical system. ? 傳動系由離合器、變速箱、傳動軸、后橋、差速器、從動輪組成。 6rear axle ?The motor vehicle engine is basically a device for converting the internal energy stored in its fuel into mechanical energy. It is classified as an internal bustion engine by virtue of this energy conversion taking place within the engine cylinders . Since the term ”energy” implies the capacity to perform work, the engine is thus able to propel the vehicle along the road and, within limits, overe unwanted opposition to its motion arising from rolling friction and air drag. To facilitate this process the engine is bined with a transmission system. III. Exercises ?I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. ?In effect, the driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. ?實際上，傳動系統(tǒng)的作用是將發(fā)動機的動力傳遞到驅動車輪。 2clutch。 ?He always goes to school by means of bike ?他總是騎自行車上學 II. Text Explanation II. Text Explanation ? In 1956, the No. 1 Auto Plant was established in Changchun, and turned out the first batch of liberation automobiles for our country. ? establish , 設立 , 確定 ? turned out vt. 生產 , 起床 , 翻出 , 制造 , 關掉 ? 譯文： 在 1956年，一汽在長春成立了，并且為我們國家生產出了第一批解放牌轎車。 II. Text Explanation ?The internal bustion engine burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the bustion or “explosion” into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. ?The internal bustion engine 內燃機 ?Convert …..into….. 使轉變 , 轉換 ... ?Propel , 驅使 ?譯文： 內燃機在汽缸內燃燒燃料，然后把燃燒或者“爆炸”所產生的膨脹力變成旋轉力，用以推動車輛前進。Specialized English for Automobile Unit one Automobile Structure Contents I. Prequestions II. Text Explanation III. Exercises ?Types of Modern Automobiles ?1） cars ?2） passenger cars ?3） trucks ?4） tractors and vehicle bination ?5） special type vehicle ?6） Selfdumping car ?7） farm vehicle ?8) offroad vehicle I. Prequestions Special vehicle car Tractor Truck Passenger Cars with respect to engine arrangement and driving type engine arrangement and driving type diagram front engine 、 frontwheel drive front engine 、 rearwheel drive Rear engine、 rearwheel drive I. Prequestions ?Do you know who built the first car in the world and when? ?Karl Benz ?In 1886 I. Prequestions ?How many main parts does the automobile consist of? 1engine 2chassis 3body 4electrical system I. Prequestions ?Which is called the “ heart” of automobile? ?An engine that is used to supply power for an automobile ?What is the chassis posed of? ?driving system, running gear, steering system and brake system. I. Prequestions Driving system Brake system Steering system running gear I. Prequestions ? What is the electrical system posed of? ?The electric system includes the battery, generator, starting system, ignition system, lighting system, horn system, radio and other devices. I. Prequestions ?What are the functions of the four systems? ?Driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. ?Suspension system?s function is to increase strength and durability of ponents and to meet customers? requirements for riding fort and driving safety. ?Steering system is used to control the driving direction of an automobile. ? Brake system is used to retard the motion of the vehicle. I. Prequestions ?In other words, any automobile is posed of the sections such as engine, chassis, body and electric system. ?In other words 換句話說 ?be posed of 由 …. 組成 ? 譯文： 換句話說，任何一輛汽車都是由發(fā)動機、底盤、車身和電器設備組成的。 ?be posed of ?Navy must be posed of surface ship unit and submarine unit. ?海軍一定是由水面艦艇部隊和潛艇部隊組成。 II. Text Explanation ?by means of 用 ….. 方式（方法），依靠 ?They succeeded by means of perseverance. ?他們依靠堅忍不拔而獲得成功。 II. Text Explanation III. Exercises ? Translate the following expressions into Chinese. ? chassis ? driving system ? internal bustion engine ? steering system ? braking system ? clutch ? gearbox ? universal jo