【正文】 園，并注意與修路造田，農(nóng)田水利設(shè)施，土地規(guī)劃相結(jié)合；，不良地質(zhì)地貌對(duì)道路的穩(wěn)定性影響較大，同時(shí)對(duì)特殊地質(zhì)的處理的工程費(fèi)用非常大，這將極大的增加工程成本和造價(jià)。對(duì)于滑坡、崩塌、巖堆、泥石流巖溶、沼澤等嚴(yán)重的工程地質(zhì)水文問題應(yīng)慎重的處理一般情況下應(yīng)盡量繞避，必須穿越時(shí)應(yīng)選擇合理的位置縮小穿越范圍，并采取相應(yīng)的處理措施；4．重視環(huán)境保護(hù)和生態(tài)保護(hù)，加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)工作，重視生態(tài)平衡，為人類創(chuàng)造良好的生活環(huán)境。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)自己四年來所學(xué)知識(shí)的一次回顧和綜合檢驗(yàn)，也是將自己所學(xué)的理論知識(shí)聯(lián)系實(shí)際，運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐的一次很好的機(jī)會(huì)，在畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的過程中，首先要對(duì)與課題密切相關(guān)的資料進(jìn)行收集，整理，然后對(duì)課題進(jìn)行綜合地分析，深入細(xì)致地研究，在老師的指導(dǎo)和幫助下，結(jié)合自己所學(xué)的知識(shí)，提出問題、分析問題及找出解決問題的方法。在為期兩個(gè)多月的設(shè)計(jì)過程中，我根據(jù)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書的工作進(jìn)度安排及具體要求完成了包括公路平面、縱斷面以及橫斷面的設(shè)計(jì)，路面結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、擋墻和涵洞相關(guān)構(gòu)造物的設(shè)計(jì)等，設(shè)計(jì)嚴(yán)格遵守相關(guān)的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范要求，并積極向指導(dǎo)老師匯報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)情況。由于公路定線是公路設(shè)計(jì)中關(guān)鍵的一環(huán)，它不僅要解決工程、經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的問題，而且對(duì)公路與周圍環(huán)境的配合，公路與生態(tài)平衡的關(guān)系，公路本身線形的實(shí)用、美觀等問題都必須在定線的過程中給予充分的考慮，再加上是初次定線，所以一開始在公路選線階段花費(fèi)了較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間來進(jìn)行反復(fù)試線和多方案比較，以求在眾多相互制約的因素中，得出一條最佳的路線方案。其次在平面、縱斷面和橫斷面的設(shè)計(jì)，擋土墻的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算中也遇到了不少的問題，后來通過對(duì)多方面資料的查詢以及向老師和同學(xué)請(qǐng)教，最終這些問題都得到了解決。通過這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，使我進(jìn)一步鞏固加深所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)理論和專業(yè)知識(shí)、提高了自己分析問題和解決問題的能力，培養(yǎng)我獨(dú)立工作、獨(dú)立思考并運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識(shí)解決實(shí)際工程技術(shù)問題的能力，以及對(duì)計(jì)算、繪圖、實(shí)驗(yàn)方法、數(shù)據(jù)處理和編輯設(shè)計(jì)文件等最基本的工程實(shí)踐能力的培養(yǎng)；使我們樹立起具有切合工程實(shí)際的設(shè)計(jì)思想和觀點(diǎn)；樹立起嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、負(fù)責(zé)、實(shí)事求是、刻苦鉆研、勇于探索并具有創(chuàng)新意識(shí)及與他人共同合作的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，為以后真正走上工作崗位打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。由于是初次設(shè)計(jì)，再加上缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，時(shí)間、能力和水平有限，在設(shè)計(jì)中必有許多不足，發(fā)現(xiàn)有錯(cuò)誤和不完善之處，還希望老師能給予批評(píng)指正，以便進(jìn)一步修正補(bǔ)充。本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)能得以順利完成，首先要感謝學(xué)校及學(xué)院的各位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)我們此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)注和安排，感謝老師們?cè)谶@四年里對(duì)我的指導(dǎo)和幫助，尤其是各位專業(yè)課老師的教導(dǎo)使我受益匪淺，相信在今后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作會(huì)對(duì)我有很大的幫助。在此，要特別感謝我們的設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)老師陳積普，感謝陳老師在這二個(gè)多月的設(shè)計(jì)過程中給予我們的指導(dǎo)和幫助，使我對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)有了更深刻的理解，并最終順利地完成了本次設(shè)計(jì)工作，為此，向你們表示衷心的感謝，深深地向您們鞠躬。祝您們?cè)诮窈蟮墓ぷ?、生活中，一帆風(fēng)順！身體健康！萬事如意！同時(shí)感謝在設(shè)計(jì)中給我?guī)椭拿恳晃焕蠋?，是您們使我?duì)道路有了更進(jìn)一步的認(rèn)識(shí)，并且通過實(shí)踐進(jìn)一步鞏固、豐富和提高了所學(xué)的理論知識(shí)，為以后真正走上工作崗位打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。感謝和我一起完成這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的各位同學(xué)，以及所有給予過我?guī)椭娜?。我再次衷心地向各位表示我誠(chéng)摯的謝意。 學(xué)生：****** ***年***月**日 交通部《公路工程技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（JTJ001—97）北京：人民交通出版社 1998 交通部《公路路基設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（JTJ013—95）北京：人民交通出版社 2000 交通部《公路瀝青路面設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（JTJ014—97）北京：人民交通出版社 2002 交通部《公路路線設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（JTJ011—94）北京：人民交通出版社 2003 交通部《公路排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（JTJ018—97）北京：人民交通出版社 2000 交通部《公路橋涵地基與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（JTJ024—85）北京：人民交通出版社 2001 周亦唐 張維全 李松青 編著《道路勘測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)》 重慶大學(xué)出版社 2002 何景華 主編 《公路勘測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)》北京：人民交通出版社 1993 徐家鈺 郭忠印 編著《土木工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)指南—道路工程分冊(cè)》 北京：中國(guó)水利水電出版社 2001 葉見曙．《結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)原理》北京：人民交通出版社，19961 尤曉偉 主編 《現(xiàn)代道路 路基路面工程》 清華大學(xué)出版社 20041 何兆益 楊錫武 主編《路基路面工程》（上、下）重慶：重慶大學(xué)出版社 20011 顧慰慈 編著 《擋土墻土壓力計(jì)算手冊(cè)》 中國(guó)建材工業(yè)出版社 20051 趙樹德 廖紅建 王秀麗 編著 《土力學(xué)》 高等教育出版社 20011 陳忠達(dá) 編著《公路擋土墻設(shè)計(jì)》北京：人民交通出版社 19991 顧克明 蘇清洪 趙嘉行編著《公路橋涵設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)——涵洞》北京：人民交通出版社 19931 陳勝營(yíng) 等編著《公路設(shè)計(jì)指南》北京：人民交通出版社 20001 交通部第二公路勘察設(shè)計(jì)院主編《公路設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)——路基》北京：人民交通出版社1996——專業(yè)英語翻譯（出處：//:）1. 英文原文Highway subgrade construction technologyAbstract: In recent years, along with the western big development, theroad big construction step, our province firstclass highwayconstruction, has also made the very big progress in the design andthe construction aspect。 Used the advanced reconnaissance, the surveymethod has provided the reliable technical data for the highwaysubgrade design. As the road principal part of a project roadbed, thehighway subgrade synthesis stable technology research, developed largequantities of one has used in the roadbed project new material: Theearth labor cloth, the earth labor grill, the high strength plastiet, the plastic draining water board, tries harder the soft type topass the water pipe, the soft hard plasticThe discharge pipe, the lawn plant fresh material and so on belt,light quality padding。 New project machinery: The great tonnagevibroroller, the reinforcement earth mixer, the plastic drainingwater board flapper machine, the earth labor cloth sink the shopmachine, the indepth powder body stirs Cheng Zhuangji。 Newtechnology, new method: The powder body jiao and ban fa, the plasticdraining water board law, the anchor technology, spurt the anchor zhifu, the light quality embankment, the crib mat pad, jiajin thetechnology, obtained the full development and the introduction, aswell as utilizes for these new technical services each kind ofspecialized construction panies lives, specialized constructionpany39。s establishment sumThe development, has laid the foundation for the roadbed projectspecial construction. Presently carries on the summary on myself inthe highway engineering stable roadbed technology aspect experience. Key word: Path bridge roadbed construction First, roadbed earth fill and paction The highway subgrade intensity and the stable very great degreeare decided by the roadbed padding nature and its the pactiondegree. Embarks from the existing condition, the improvement earthfill request and the paction condition are guaranteed the roadbedquality is most effective and the economical method. 1. roadbeds paddingThe standard had stipulated should have the condition to the roadbedpadding selection. Small qiang du and the maximum particle size has giventhe quantification standard to the roadbed padding, uses the CBR valueattribute subgrade soil the intensity, has introduced luchuang to on luchuang padding the limit condition, the highway andbelow a level of roads road surface bottom 030cm luchuang the paddingCBR value should be bigger than 8, gets down luchuang and its the underearth fill, also all produces the corresponding rating. When the roadbed padding could not achieve when stipulation small qiangdu,should adopt mixes thick liliao, or trades fills in, or with the limeand so on the stable material handling, certainly did not stipulatewhen lays the hightype surface to other rank roads, also must use thehighway and a level of roads rating.2. roadbeds pactions The current roadbed construction, generally used the great tonnagebulldozer, the roller paction effect had the distinct enhanced the subgrade soil pactness to play the very goodrole. The standard stipulation highway and below a level of roads roadsurface bottom surface 80150cm partial on embankment its pactnessmust = 95%, to other rank roads when lays the hightype surface, itspactness also should according to the highway and a level of roadsstandard use. In addition, but also increased has satisfied the needdike basis pactness not suitably to be smaller than 93%stipulation. If in West in some federal highway host skeleton line two levels ofspecialpurpose highway construction, the pavement design standard isthe hightype surface, thus starts from the roadbed, all examinationsstandard uses a level of roads approvals standard. 3. special moist local subgrade soils paction on the roadbed paction is quitedifficult, the standard has made certain adjustments regarding this:One is pactness standard may act according to experiments thematerial to determine or paratively to catalog the value to reduce2 3 percentage points。 Two, is smaller than regarding thenatural thickness, yexian is bigger than 40, the plasticity index is bigger than 18 claysoils under, when uses in luchuang and its the under embankment padding,may use the stipulation the light paction standard。 Three, theimprovement padding nature, mixes in the eart