【正文】 may use his or her name instead of using “I” to highlight his or her identity or individuality.4.(1) Only when the date of manufacturing and that of selling are the same.(2) 最后三天 is not definite, because one may not know from which day the last three days begin.(3) It is not known what time the speaker left.(4) Yes. What is the present price? The price may change over time. The word “當(dāng)前” is deictic.5.(1) Yes. It is used for emphasis(2) Yes. Books on sale here! 6.(1) A. we, ourselvesB. we, todayC. I, here, nowD. I, last placeE. YOU, hereF. IG. today(2) There may be a difference in the coding time and the receiving time。 there may be the speaker perspective and the hearer perspective. 7.(1) “I’m ing” takes the addressee as the deictic center.(2) Yes.Exercises Task31. A. there. B. you2. In a, the speaker uses the progressive aspect instead of the normal simple present tense. The use of the present progressing aspect shows the speaker39。s passion and strong love are ongoing.3. b, d, f are gesturally deictic expressions and the rest contain symbolically deictic expressions.4. Discourse deictic refers to another linguistic expression or a piece of discourse, . This in This is a great story whereas anaphoric refers to the same item as a prior linguistic expression, . he in John is an incredible athlete。 he came in first in the race. the speaker wants to be economic and both the speaker and the hearer share the background knowledge, . he in He is the cimenal, deictic expressions preempt their corresponding nondeictic expressions. When the speaker wants to create some special effects, we may use nondeictic expressions, . Mr Darcy calls Mrs Darcy Mrs Darcy in Pride and Prejudice to express his joy and love.6. The use of “your” and “us” is interactive with anyone who bumps into the ad.Miniproject2.公差、 甄爺、 小婿、 小人、太爺、 丫頭、 丫鬟、 探花、 巡鹽御史、 龍鐘老僧、 敝友、 老先生、 祖母、 史老太君、 王侯、 賊、 子弟、 祖父、 師長(zhǎng)、 政老爹、 妾、 庶出、 小姐、 夫人、 璉爺、 （第二回　賈夫人仙逝揚(yáng)州城　冷子興演說(shuō)榮國(guó)府）The social deixis above shows the hierarchy in the feudal society.Unit 7 [Check your understanding]1. f 2. t 3. f 4. f 5. fInClass Activities1.(1) Mary39。s bedroom is not clean.(2) Yes.2.(1) b. College students can speak English. (through the use of “therefore”)(2) b. College students can speak English.(3) Here, we presuppose that college students generally can speak English. With this presupposition, the speaker talks in that way, and therefore confirms the inference, and then we get the conventional implicature. 3.(1) I think George Yule’s classification is not based on the same criterion. The first four are more content oriented, whereas the last two are form sensitive.(2) Open.4.(1) a. Peter is a good basketball player b. Mary did the job well last week. than and as well as triggers the presupposition.(2) Yes.(3) John was arrested before he arrived in Beijing.5.(1). The presupposition in the first episode is that the speaker beat his wife. The addressee cannot answer yes or no.(2) Yes.(3) By asking which eye of the horse is blind, Washington presupposes that one of the eyes of the horse is blind, so the thief has to choose one. However, the fact is that neither of the eyes of the horse is blind.6.(1) a. The addressee liked literature b. The addressee felt nickel and dimed. c. The addressee is not smoking Yes, it is used strategically.(2) This sentence itself presupposes that many patients have chosen xxx (medicine), which may not be the case.7.(1) a. “變心”presupposes the existence of “心”. b. It is now hard for Jane to leave the addressee. [and a couple of others](2) a. The tone is ironic. b. The message that Jane loves Rochester is explicitly conveyed to him.Exercises Task31.a. Entailment refers to the semantic relation between two propositions, of which one logically follows from the other, while semantic preposition refers to the semantic relation between two propositions, of which one is the premise or precondition of the other.b. While semantic presupposition, based on the linguistic form, is related to truth value conditions of a proposition, pragmatic presupposition, made possible by the speaker, is related to felicity conditions of an utterance.c. Conventional implicature, often conveyed by some special linguistic form like “therefore” and “but”, rests on pragmatic presupposition.2. Everything the speaker assumes to be in existence or true prior to making an utterance.3. A. I have done it. Counterfactual conditionalB. I bought a bike. WhquestionsC. Linguistics was invented by someone. Marked stressD. The boy didn39。t fall asleep. Implicative verbsE. His sister flew to Beijing. Cleft sentencesF. John is rich. Factive verbs/clausesG. You have been late before. Interatives 4. We can cancel the contained presupposition by simply adding he didn39。t even try., or he slept through it. and so on.5. No. By saying 明晚我們?cè)谑裁吹胤揭?jiàn)面？, he presupposes that they have agreed to meet each other. The girl feels puzzled because she has e to the agreement with the young man.6. A. Some ATM/Visa Check Cards are not free.B. A card is generally invalid when it is past the expiration date.7. By saying哪里偷人家東西有沒(méi)有被人家抓過(guò), the policeman presupposes that the suspect has stolen something before. Whether the suspect answers yes or no, he will definitely admit he has stolen something before.8. A. Presupposition: women take care of other people.B. Babies sleep well.C. Other soaps clean things well but make their color fade.D. Good air conditioners are generally made abroad.160