【導(dǎo)讀】1．民族理論學(xué)科是民族研究學(xué)科中占有重要地位的一門獨立的學(xué)科。同時，又是研究正確解決和處理現(xiàn)實民族發(fā)展。及民族問題的途徑、方法的科學(xué)。但是，歸根結(jié)底，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展在民族發(fā)展中起決定的作用。4．民族發(fā)展規(guī)律的研究，是民族理論學(xué)科中最基礎(chǔ)，也是最基本的研究。民族理論的研究對象是世界上普遍存在的民族和民族問題，目的是揭示民。族經(jīng)濟(jì)、民族學(xué)、民族文化等許多方面。定的民族觀指導(dǎo)。這些研究對象都必須在一定的民族觀指導(dǎo)下才能進(jìn)行。馬克思主義民族理。在統(tǒng)一的多民族國家中，民族現(xiàn)象、民族關(guān)系事關(guān)每一個公民。試述學(xué)習(xí)和研究民族理論的意義?！懊褡濉币辉~在西方國家普遍廣泛使用起來，而且有了新的含義。2．民族的共同歷史淵源主要是指民族起源的地域淵源和族體淵源等。5．我國的民族識別的主要依據(jù)是。2．民族是在生產(chǎn)方式、語言方面具有共同的特征的穩(wěn)定的人類共同體。同化、組合而形成新的民族，即民族。

　　

【正文】 、單項選擇題 1．據(jù) 2020 年不完全統(tǒng)計，中國現(xiàn)有各種宗教信徒（ D ）。 A． 6 千多萬人 B． 7 千多萬人 C． 8 千多萬人 D． 1 億多人 2．我國是一 個宗教多元化的國家，對少數(shù)民族影響最大的宗教是（ C ）。 A．佛教和道教 B．佛教和基督教 C． 佛教和伊斯蘭教 D．佛教和原始宗教 3．最早提出宗教信仰自由口號的是（ C ）。 A．奴隸主階級 B．地主階級 C． 資產(chǎn)階級 D．無產(chǎn)階級 4．新中國成立后，清除了教會中的帝國主義勢力，所實行的教會 “ 三自 ” 方針是（ B ）。 A．自主、自立、自生 B． 自治、自養(yǎng)、自傳 C．自辦、自收、自支 D．自立、自養(yǎng)、自強 5．對佛教經(jīng)典中的 “ 莊嚴(yán)國土，利樂有情 ” 做出了 “ 建設(shè)祖國為人民辦好事，使人民安樂幸福 ” 的 新解釋的是（ C ）。 A．弘一法師 B．延參法師 C．趙樸初居士 D．青蓮居士 三、多項選擇題 1．就人為宗教（神學(xué)宗教）而言，宗教所具有的基本要素大體包括（ ABDE ）。 A．宗教的觀念或思想 B．宗教的感情或體驗 C．宗教的傳承和發(fā)展 D．宗教的行為和活動 E．宗教的組織和制度 2．我國少數(shù)民族的宗教信仰和宗教問題，所具有的基本特點有（ ABCDE ）。 A．群眾性 B．民族性 C．國際性 D．長期性 E．復(fù)雜性 3．我國少數(shù)民族信仰的世界性的宗教主要有（ ABCDE ）。 專業(yè)好文檔 A．東正教 B．佛教 C．天主教 D．伊斯蘭教 E．基督教 4．所謂宗教與社會主義社會相適應(yīng)，從根本上說，就是任何宗教都要遵循以下行為準(zhǔn)則：（ ACDE ）。 A．維護(hù)法律尊嚴(yán) B．維護(hù)社會穩(wěn)定 C．維護(hù)人民利益 D．維護(hù)民族團(tuán)結(jié) E．維護(hù)國家統(tǒng)一 四、辨析題 1．宗教信仰不屬于政治問題。 對。它是一部分信教群眾對于生活的認(rèn)識和態(tài)度，屬于思想領(lǐng)域的認(rèn)識問題，而不是政治問題。 2．社會主義時期，宗教產(chǎn)生的社會根源已經(jīng)基本消失，因此宗教會很快消亡。錯。宗教 在我國社會主義時期將繼續(xù)長期存在。宗教的消失只有經(jīng)過社會主義、共產(chǎn)主義的長期發(fā)展才能達(dá)到。 3．黨和國家采取宗教信仰自由政策，因此宗教宣傳可以在社會上、一般學(xué)校中進(jìn)行，無神論的宣傳也可以在寺廟、教堂等宗教活動的場所進(jìn)行。 錯。宗教教義的宣傳即有神論的宣傳，必須在規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)，不應(yīng)在社會上、一般學(xué)校中進(jìn)行，如同無神論的宣傳不應(yīng)該在寺廟、教堂等宗教活動的場所進(jìn)行一樣，宗教宣傳品也應(yīng)該在規(guī)定的場所出售發(fā)放。 4．宗教信仰自由政策強調(diào)的就是一個內(nèi)容：保障人們信教的自由。 錯。這只是其中一方面內(nèi)容。完整的內(nèi)容是每個公 民在信仰宗教與否的問題上、在具體宗教的信仰的選擇上，在宗教信仰的時間選擇上，都是自由的，都有自己選擇決定的權(quán)利。 五、論述題 怎樣理解黨和國家的宗教信仰自由政策？ P47 專業(yè)好文檔 If we don39。t do that it will go on and go on. We have to stop it。 we need the courage to do it. His ments came hours after Fifa vicepresident Jeffrey Webb also in London for the FA39。s celebrations said he wanted to meet Ivory Coast international Toure to discuss his plaint. CSKA general director Roman Babaev says the matter has been exaggerated by the Ivorian and the British media. Blatter, 77, said: It has been decided by the Fifa congress that it is a nonsense for racism to be dealt with with fines. You can always find money from somebody to pay them. It is a nonsense to have matches played without spectators because it is against the spirit of football and against the visiting team. It is all nonsense. We can do something better to fight racism and discrimination. This is one of the villains we have today in our game. But it is only with harsh sanctions that racism and discrimination can be washed out of football. The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport. For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was. Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the racist behaviour of their fans during City39。s 21 win. Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions. CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda. The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our daytoday weather lives. It will climb higher than 專業(yè)好文檔 the tip of Mount Everest ( miles/ kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of mercial airliners ( miles/ kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform. Below, the Earth bees the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he39。ll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jump When he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound 690 mph (1,110 kph) in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him pletely. If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it39。s not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270squarefoot (25squaremeter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters). In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds. Even if everything goes as planned, it won39。t. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters). cause there