【導(dǎo)讀】high-spiritedvitality,thedown-to-earthearnestness,thegood-naturedhumor&unbounded

　　

【正文】 ndencies and movements in all creative arts in the 20th century. In a broad sense, it is applied to writing marked by a strong and conscious break with traditional forms and techniques of expression. 3. Major philosophical Influences on modernism 1) Darwinism 2) Marxism 3) Freudianism 4. Major ideas of modernism 1) It employs a distinctive kind of imagination. Thus it practices solipsism( 唯我論 ). It believes that we create the world in the act of perceiving it. 2) It implies a historical discontinuity, a sense of alienation, loss and despair. It rejects traditional values and assumptions. And it looks for fresh ways of looking at man’ s position and function in the universe. Many modernists are philosophical existentialists. 3) It elevates the individual and his inner being over social man and prefers the unconscious to the selfconscious. It celebrates passion and will over reason and systematic morality. 4) It rejects the traditional rhetoric by which tradition values and assumptions were municated. It is bent on stylistic innovations and experiments with language, form, symbol and myth. 4. Modernist movements 1)Symbolism 2)imagism 3)aestheticism 4)expressionism 5) the stream of consciousness 6)surrealism 7) existentialism 8) theatre of the absurd Lawrance I. Title The representative of psychological fiction. II. Life(p415417) III. works (1) Sons and Lovers 兒子與情人 (2) The Rainbow 虹 (3) Women in Love 戀愛中的女人 (4) Lady Chatterlay’ s Lover 查泰萊夫人的情人 IV. Sons and Lovers 1. autobiographical 2. the Oedipus plex 3. theme a) the damage caused in family relationship by industrial force b) the split of human beings c) natural love as the only cure Woolf I. title: The representative of “ stream of consciousness” school of novel II. Life A novelist, critic and feminist。 nervous breakdown since childhood。 selfsuicide III. Works 1. Mrs. Dalloway 達(dá)洛維夫人 2. To the Lighthouse 到燈塔去 3. The Waves 海浪 4. A Room of One’ s Own 一間自己的房間 5. Modern Fiction 現(xiàn)代小說 IV. Mrs. Dalloway (p441445) V. point of view 1. She challenged the traditional way of writing. 2. She thought the depiction of details darkened the characters. 3. She called the writers for writing about events of daily life that gave one deep impression. V. Influence (1) The stream of consciousness presented by Joyce and Woolf marks a total break from the tradition of fiction and has promoted the development of modernism. (2) However, because of the newness in form but hard to understand, this kind of fiction cannot attract readers. (3) The writers showed interest in the psychological depiction of the bourgeoisie but neglected the conflict that most people cared about at that time. James joyce I. Title: the representative of the “ stream of consciousness” school of novel II. “ stream of consciousness” 1. definition: a psychological term indicating “ the flux of conscious and subconscious thoughts and impressions moving in the mind at any given time independently of the person’ s will” 2. time: in the 20th century 3. foundations: a. the literary device of “ interior monologue” 內(nèi)心獨(dú)白 b. Freud’ s theory of psychological analysis III. J’ s works a. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man 青年藝術(shù)家的畫像 b. Dubliners 都柏林人 c. Ulysses 尤利西斯 d. Finnegans Wake 芬尼根覺醒 IV. significance of his works a. He changed the old style of fictions and created a strange mode of art to show the chaos and crisis of consciousness of that period. b. From him, stream of consciousness came to the highest point as a genre of modern literature. c. In Finnegans Wake, this pursue of newness overrode the normalness and showed a tendency of vanity. William Butler Yeats(18651939) I. title “ the greatest poet of our age – certainly the greatest in this (English) language” T. S. Eliot II. Life Poet and dramatist Irish Lifelong love for Maud Gonne III. Works 1. The Responsibilities 責(zé)任 2. The Land of Heart’ s Desire 理想的國土 3. When You Are Old 4. The Winding Stair 盤旋的樓梯 5. The Hour Glass 時(shí)漏 6. The Tower 塔 IV. Feature He is a celebrated and acplished symbolist poet, using an elaborate system of symbols in his poems. But read as a whole, his poetry is elucidated by itself and gives the reader many memorable stanzas and lines of great poetry. (moon, water, rose) V. Themes 1. Patriotism。 2. love。 3. civilization。 4. age。 5. the relation between imagination, history and the occult VI. When you are old When you are old and gray and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book, And slowly read , and dream of the soft look Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep。 How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true, But one man love d the pilgrim soul in you, And loved the sorrows of your changing face。 And bending down beside the glowing bars, Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled And paced upon the mountains overhead And hid his face amid a crowd of stars. Gee Bernard Shaw(18561950) I. Title A representative of critical realism in modern English literature II. life Ireland。 socialist Movement。 criticize the evil of capitalism。 support the forces of revolution and democracy III. works (plays unpleasant) Widower’ s Houses 鰥夫的房產(chǎn) Major Barbara 巴巴拉少校 Heartbreak House 傷心之家 Mrs. Warren’ s Profession 華倫夫人的職業(yè) The Apple Cart 蘋果車 IV. Mrs. Warren’ s Profession(p388) Keeping brothels V. S’ s ideology 1. He opposed the idea of “ art for art’ s sake” , maintaining that “