【正文】 of the 19th century amp。 psychological realism. theme of her works As a woman of exceptional intelligence amp。 3. narration: two dramatic narrators (Mr. Lockwood, and Nelly Dean) IV. detailreading (268278) 1. content: Final meeting of Heathcliff and Catherine before Catherine’ s death 2. narrator: Nelly Dean 3. their love: passion, love, agony, horror 4. Catherine: a mon girl who met an unmon love. In her heart, the struggle between true love and tradition never ceased, and finally caused her early death. 5. theme : a. criticism upon the materialism and social discrimination. b. hatred and revenge are meaningless。 prophesy) 2. intensity of vision and passion 3. The vividness of her subjective narration, the intensely achieved characterization 4. vivid description of her intense feelings VI. Detailreading (Chapter XXIII) Jane finds herself hopelessly in love with Mr. Rochester but she is aware that her love is out of the question. So, when forced to confront Mr. Rochester, she desperately amp。 actually give full swing to this genius, . the dramatic monologue. In 1846, Browning married Elizabeth Barrett, a famous poetess whose famous book of love poetry was Sons from the Portuguese. In 1869 Browing’ s masterpiece, The Ring amp。 he is at the mercy of indifferent forces which manipulate his behavior and his relations with others. John Galsworthy(18671933) I. life Born in a rich bourgeois family A representative of bourgeois realism in English novel of 20th century II. work 1. The Island Pharisees 島國的法利賽人 2. The Man of Property 有 產(chǎn)業(yè)的人 3. Forsyte Saga 福爾賽世家 4. The End of the Chapter 尾聲 III. Forsyte Saga(p352356) 1. powerful sweep 2. brilliant illustrations 3. deep psychological analysis 4. satire amp。 How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true, But one man love d the pilgrim soul in you, And loved the sorrows of your changing face。 socialist Movement。 nervous breakdown since childhood。 was buried in the Poet’ s Corner, Westminster Abbey, beside Tennyson. My Last Duchess My Last Duchess is Browning’ s bestknown dramatic monologue. The poem takes its sources from the life of Alfonso II, duke of Ferrara of the 16thcentury Italy, whose young wife died suspiciously after three years of marriage. Not long after her death, the duke managed to arrange a marriage with the niece of another noble man. This dramatic monologue is the duke’ s speech addressed to the agent who es to negotiate the marriage. In his talk about his last duchess, the duke reveals himself as a selfconceited, cruel amp。 her love for him. The passion described here is intense amp。 description of nature。 social aspirations. In her mind, the pathetic tragedy of women lies in their very birth. Their inferior education amp。 outward circumstances amp。 philosophical problems. 3. At the age of 39, she started he literary career. Being a woman of intelligence amp。 wit seem inexhaustible. Characterportrayal is the most outstanding feature of his works. His characterizations of child (Oliver Twist, etc.), some grotesque people (Fagin, etc.) amp。 criticize in his works all the poverty, injustice, hypocrisy amp。 in giving them exactly the actions amp。 Hard Times 《艱難時世》 (1854)。拉奇》 (1841) 2. Period of excitement amp。科波菲爾 (autobiographical) 3. Hard Times。 the decay of the Victorian values. Ideologically, the Victorians experienced fundamental changes. The rapid development of science amp。 perfection amp。 poverty to the working mass. Critical Realism The Victorian Age is an age of realism rather than of romanticisma realism which strives to tell the whole truth showing moral amp。 spirit of the age. The highspirited vitality, the downtoearth earnestness, the goodnatured humor amp。 the defense of the mass. Although writing from different points of view amp。 plex, amp。 thought. Great writers amp。 the widespread misery, poverty amp。 brought forth the People’s charter, in which they demanded basic rights amp。 is used as a powerful instrument of human progress. Dramatic Monologue By dramatic monologue, it is meant that a poet chooses a dramatic moment or a crisis, in which his characters are made to talk about their lives, amp。 wretchedness among the working class. The worsening living amp。 anthropology drastically shook people’s religious convictions. Darwin’s The Origin of Species (1859) amp。 Oliver Twist 《霧都孤兒》 or 《苦海孤雛》 (18371838)。翟述偉》 (18431845)； A Christmas Carol 《圣誕頌歌》 (1843)。 Great Expectations 《遠大前程》 or 《孤星血淚》 (18601861)。 Perating Satire Dickens is well known as a humorist as well as a satirist. He sometimes employs humor to enliven a scene or lighten a character by making it (him or her) eccentric, whimsical, or laughable. Sometimes he uses satire to ridicule human follies or vices, with the purpose of laughing them out of existence or bring about reform. 3. Complicated amp。 realism about society is obvious in these works. His representative works in the early period include Oliver Twist, David Copperfield amp。 b. studied in Cambridge。 notable for their realistic details, pungent characterization amp。 psychological novel. 3. In her works, she seeks to present the inner struggle of a person amp。 they have only to fulfill the domestic duties expected of them by the society. Their opportunities of success are not even increased by wealth. Charlotte Bronte amp。ve, kindhearted, nobleminded woman who pursues a genuine kind of love. 2. a middleclass workingwomen (governesses) struggling for recognition of her rights amp。 emotion 3. significance: set up new belief for Victorians who were thrown into a crisis in faith Robert Browning Robert Browning (18121889) was born in a welloff family amp。 symbolism。 3. civilizati