【導讀】讀書足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以長才。怡情也，最見于獨處幽居之時；其傅彩也，書有可淺嘗者，有可吞食者，少數(shù)則須咀。發(fā)展密不可分的。在了解一定的歷史知識的基礎。有代表性的作家、作品。在學習過程中，大家要。特別注意一些概念、時代的特點及對文學的影響，

　　

【正文】 siluer streaming Thames, Whose rutty Bancke, the which his River hems8, Was paynted all with variable flowers, And all the meades 9 adornd with daintie gemmes, Fit to deck maydens bowres, And crowne their Paramours（古：愛人） , Against the Brydale day10, which is not long: Sweete Themmes! runne softly, till I end my Song. 2 There, in a Meadow, by the Rivers‘ side, A Flocke of Nymphes I chaunced to espy11, 5 Zephyrus: 即 zephyr，西風。在英國，西風乃和煦之風，和我國的西風不同。倒與我國的東南風（春風）有相同之處。 6 指陽光。 Titan 是希臘神話中天、地所生的十二個子女中的任何一下。其中一位叫 Hyperion，是太陽神赫洛斯（ Helios）之父，故經常被喻為太陽。 7 Whom sullen care, … afflict my brain. 斯賓塞當時想在伊利莎白的宮廷里求一職位，終不可得，不免有些怨言。Whom 和 brain 都是 afflict 的賓語。這種結構在古典希臘語中很常見。 8 Rutty bank：草木葳蕤的堤岸： rooty 原指“多情的”，在十六世紀有時被拼作 rutty。 The which his river hems：河岸給河水鑲上了邊。 The which = which，在早期英語中常見。 9 Meads: meadows,草地 10 against the bridal day：為婚期作準備。 Against：為?作準 備。 11 Nymphs：神話中居于山林湖澤的仙女，此處喻迎接新娘的姑娘。 Espy：窺見 All lovely Daughters of the flood thereby,12 With goodly greenish locks 13 all loose untied, As each had been a bryde, And each one had a little wicker basket, Made of fine twigs, entrailed curiously14, In which they gathered flowers to fill their flasket15: And with fine fingers, cropt full feateously16 The tender stalkes on high. Of every sort which in that Meadow grew, They gathered some。 the violet, pallid blew, The little dazie, that at evening closes, The virgin lillie, and the Primrose trew, With store of vermeil17 Roses, To deck their Bridegroom‘s posies18, Against the Brydale day, which was not long: Sweete Themmes! runne softly, till I end my Song. 3 With that I saw two Swans of goodly hewe19, Come softly swimming downe along the Lee20。 Two fairer Birds I yet did never see: The snow which doth the top of Pindus21 strew, Did never whiter shew, Nor Jove himselfe when he a Swan would be For love of Leda22, whiter did appeare: Yet Leda was, they say, as white as he, Yet not so white as these, nor nothing neare。 So purely white they were, 12 那里的泰晤士河的可愛女兒，指迎親的姑娘。 13 Flocks 指頭發(fā) 14 entrailed curiously：精細地紡織的。 Curiously:古=carefully 15 flasket：長形的淺籃子 16 cropt full feateously 花摘得很整齊。 Feateously 古 = neatly 17 vermeil: vermilion 朱紅色 18 brydegroom‘s posies 新郎的花束（準備送給新娘） 19 悅目的顏色，指羽毛潔白的顏色 20 the Lee 泰晤士河的一條支流 21 pindus：希臘 hessaly 地區(qū)的山名 22 Jove himself, when he a swan … for love of Leda：據(jù)希臘神話傳說， Jove 看到 Leda 在洗澡，化成白天鵝向她求愛，后來生下希臘美人 Helen. 《英國文學》講義 第 23 頁 共 167 頁 That even the gentle streame, the which them bare23, Seem39。d foul to them, and bade his billows spare To wet their silken feathers 24 , least they might Soyle their fair plumes with water not so fayre, And mar their beauties bright, That shone as heaven‘s light, Against their Brydale day, which was not long: Sweete Themmes! runne softly, till I end my Song. 4 Eftsoones 25 the nymphes, which now had flowers their fill, Ran all in haste, to see that silver brood26, As they came floating on the Christal Flood: Whom when they sawe, they stood amazed still, Their wondring eyes to fill: Them seem39。d they neuer saw a sight so fayre27, Of fowles so lovely, that they sure did deeme Them heavenly borne, or to be that same payre Which through the sky draw Venus‘ silver teame28: For sure they did not seeme To be begot of any earthly seede29, But rather angels or of angels‘ breede: Yet were they bred of Somer‘s heat30, they 23 The which them bare:河水托起她們的身體，即浮游在水面上。 24 Seemed foul … silken feathers:河水與潔白的羽毛一比相形見絀，因此囑咐波浪不要用不 潔之水去打濕潔白如絲的羽毛。 25 Eftsoons: soon afterwards。 had flowers their fill: had their fill of flowers, 摘花盈籃 26 That silver brood:指兩位新娘 27 them seemed they never saw a sight so fair: it seemed to them that they had never seen a sight so fair. 他們似乎從未見過如此美麗的一對天鵝。 28 Venus‘ siver team:愛神維納斯的車子。 Team: 車子 29 非凡夫俗子所生。 30 Bred of summer‘s heat:在夏天的炎熱中成孕。其中一位say, In sweetest season31, when each flower and weede The earth did fresh aray: So fresh they seem39。d as day, Even as their brydale day, which was not long: Sweete Themmes! runne softly, till I end my Song. 5 Then forth they all out of their baskets drew, Great store of flowers, the honour of the field, That to the sense did fragrant odours yield, All which upon those goodly Birds they threw, And all the Waves did strew, That like old Peneus waters 32 they did seeme, When downe along by pleasant Tempe‘s shore33 Scattered with flowres, through Thessaly34 they streeme, That they appeare through Lillies plenteous store, Like a Brydes Chamber flore35: Two of those nymphes, meanwhile, two garlands bound, Of freshest flowres which in that mead they found, The which presenting all in trim array, Their snowie Foreheads therewithal they crownd, Whil39。st one did sing this lay, Prepar39。d against that day, Against their Brydale day, which was not 新娘是 lady Katherine Sommerset. Somerset 與 summer 諧音 31 夏季是英國最美麗的季節(jié) 32 Peneus 是希臘的一條河流。 33 Tempe‘s shore: 敦陂，希臘 thessaly 地區(qū)東北部一個狹長山谷的出海處，風景秀麗，每隔九年在此慶祝阿波羅節(jié)，把鮮花挑到河里。 34 希臘北部地名，四周高山，中為平原 35 like a bride‘s chamber floor 花大量投入水中，布滿河面，就象新娘新房里的地板。 《英國文學》講義 第 24 頁 共 167 頁 long: Sweete Themmes! runne softly, till I end my Song. 6 ―Ye gentle Birdes! the worlds faire ornament, And heaven‘s glory, whom this happy hour Doth leade unto your lovers blissfull bower, Joy may you have and gentle hearts‘ content Of your love‘s couplement36: And let faire Venus, that is queene of loue, With her heartquelling son 37 upon you smile, Whose smile they say, hath vir