【正文】 .（3）We learn from the first (last，etc)paragraph that .3隱蔽的文章主旨題（1）From the passage we learn (infer) that .（2）What can be inferred from the passage?（3）What the author tries to suggest may be interpreted as .ExampleMuch of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes”, makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 23% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 25% this July. This is a long way below the doubledigit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America’s inflation rate would average 35% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 26% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan。 over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little productive slack. America’s capacity utilisation, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (56% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment—the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.（1997年 Passage 5）From the passage we learn that .[A] there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates[B] economy will always follow certain models[C] the economic situation is better than expected[D] economists had foreseen the present economic situation題干問的是從整個(gè)文章可以推斷出下面哪個(gè)說法，實(shí)際上是在變相地問全文的中心思想是什么。全文都在論述目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)比預(yù)想的要好很多（[C]選項(xiàng)）。第一段和第二段提到經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行難以預(yù)測(cè)，然而近來經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)卻比往年都好。第三段首句又提到“它（指平均通貨膨脹率）比多數(shù)預(yù)測(cè)者預(yù)測(cè)的數(shù)字要低”，接著通過具體數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)此觀點(diǎn)加以說明。第四段首句也指出“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)英美兩國有利的通脹率特別感到詫異”。4主旨題的特點(diǎn)無論是在段落中還是在文章中，是明顯還是隱蔽，主旨的提出主要有四種情況。（1）首段或首句開門見山指出中心或討論的問題。ExampleThe full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, righttolife groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia—where an aging population, lifeextending technology and changing munity attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the righttodie movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.（1997年 Passage 1）From the second paragraph we learn that .[A] the objection to euthanasia is slow to e in other countries[B] physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia[C] changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law[D] it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage該段是典型的首句主旨題。以首句為段落主題句，其他各句都圍繞此句展開論述。正確答案為[D]選項(xiàng)?？忌魧?duì)sink in理解有困難，還可以從段落總結(jié)歸納出主旨大意。（2）文章中間或段落中間給出中心。ExampleCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This neartripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979～1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in doubledigit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to fourfifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energyintensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, pared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 025%～05% of GDP. That