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六級(jí)翻譯題模擬訓(xùn)練-資料下載頁(yè)

2025-01-14 15:18本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 political reasons. ideas may seem strange to you. 怎么把漢語(yǔ)句子譯成英語(yǔ)呢?大體有 5 個(gè)步驟: (1)選用句型 ( 2 )確定時(shí)態(tài) ( 3 )確定語(yǔ)態(tài) ( 4 )漢譯英 ( 5 )檢查 上期節(jié)目我們介紹了“縮擴(kuò)”的這種譯法,大家都掌握得不錯(cuò)。今天我們著重介紹的是第二項(xiàng)“確定時(shí)態(tài)”: →了解各種時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。 →區(qū)分容易混淆的時(shí)態(tài)。(如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等) →時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。 If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. →特別注意的狀語(yǔ)。比如漢語(yǔ)中的某些副詞、介詞或助詞,如曾經(jīng)、將、著、了、過(guò)等。 →上下文邏輯。如:我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在隔壁房里唱歌。譯成: I heard somebody was singing in the next room. 這里不能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而只能用一般過(guò)去時(shí),因?yàn)椤拔摇碑?dāng)時(shí)說(shuō)這話時(shí),“聽(tīng)過(guò)”已是過(guò)去的情況了。 溫馨提示:別學(xué)了時(shí)態(tài)分析就忘了“縮擴(kuò)”哦!無(wú)論翻譯是難是易,都先把它主干抽出來(lái),一切都會(huì)明朗起來(lái). 練習(xí):1. 正當(dāng)我父親翻閱晚報(bào)時(shí),他突然驚訝地喊了一聲。 2. 到他們回來(lái)之時(shí),我將完成我的工作了。 3. 她因比賽時(shí)踝關(guān)節(jié)扭傷,呆在家里。 4. 上星期他作了眼科檢查。 5. 男孩昨天說(shuō)太陽(yáng)比月亮要大。 答案: father was looking through the evening paper when he suddenly let out a cry of surprise. shall have finished my work by the time they e back. stays indoors because he sprained his ankle in one match. had an eye test last week. boy said the sun is bigger than the moon yesterday.→漢語(yǔ)中“被”、“受”、“挨”、“遭”等表示被動(dòng)字眼,在譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 →在漢語(yǔ)中主動(dòng)者不言而喻或不清楚的,往往用“人們”、“有人”、“據(jù)說(shuō)”之類詞居句首,英語(yǔ)有固定的譯法,譯文的開(kāi)頭往往用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如:據(jù)說(shuō)他是個(gè)教師→ It is said that he is a teacher. →凡是漢語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)是表示實(shí)物的名詞或代詞,而其謂語(yǔ)又是“是 + 動(dòng)詞(或主謂詞組)+……”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:這篇文章是他翻譯的→ This article was translated by him. →有些漢語(yǔ)句子用地點(diǎn)來(lái)當(dāng)主語(yǔ),這樣的句子譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)常譯成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:上海出現(xiàn)了許多新的公司。→ Many new panies have been set up in Shanghai練習(xí):。2. 有人告訴我這個(gè)消息。 3. 這所公司是 2002 年成立的。 年我們家鄉(xiāng)建造了一個(gè)電影院 5. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。 參考答案: issue will be discussed in next meeting. told me about this message. pany was estabished in 2002. cinema was established in our hometown in 2005. few of new puter was stolen last night. number of the students in this city has _____ (增加了6倍) in parison with 2001. 2. _____ (有些大一新生打定主意) to pursue a master’s degree after undergraduate studies. 3. _____ (不管任務(wù)多么艱巨), we must fulfill it in time. had understood nothing, _____ (也沒(méi)嘗試著去) understand. 5. _____ (隨著時(shí)間的流逝), they forgot their bitter sufferings. 參考答案:1. increased 6 times 2. Some freshmen make up their minds 3. No matter how hard the task is However hard the task is No matter how hard the task may be However hard the task may be did he try to the passage of time
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