金融學(xué)專業(yè)外文翻譯--金融衍生工具和流通量的上升-其他專業(yè)-資料下載頁
2025-01-19 01:30本頁面
【導(dǎo)讀】這似乎是現(xiàn)代資本主義的內(nèi)在動力強(qiáng)迫他們趨向于追逐更高。社會結(jié)構(gòu)價(jià)值的，逐漸上升的復(fù)雜標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。雖然在當(dāng)時(shí)并沒有發(fā)現(xiàn),從二十世紀(jì)七。許多行業(yè)需要探索新的途徑來對更邊。的資本積累強(qiáng)制驅(qū)動的，從而引發(fā)的關(guān)鍵性矛盾。部門，已經(jīng)超過了它能有利潤的進(jìn)行資本再投資的需求量。本，那么資本過度積累的趨勢將被自動抵消。材料的生產(chǎn)和原件的制造外包給那些較先進(jìn)的發(fā)展中國家的較發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)。組活動，引發(fā)并導(dǎo)致了生產(chǎn)過程在基本投入階段的破裂。必須去解決的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加了，并且風(fēng)險(xiǎn)被重新配置?？刂频娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)，例如政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、交易對手風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和貨幣風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即將出現(xiàn)。三個(gè)因素中首先是投機(jī)資本，這是一個(gè)巨大的，任意的，非生產(chǎn)導(dǎo)。這是重要的，因?yàn)榻鹑谘苌a(chǎn)品是投機(jī)資本在全球市場上所運(yùn)用的最重要的。投機(jī)資本采用這種形式，因?yàn)檠苌ぞ邔⒖陀^的各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)統(tǒng)一。李．經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會34卷，2021年8月3號．
【正文】 point of the market, they appear to be necessary and natural because they are motivated by the risks associated with the connectivities lying at the heart of globalization. The final element is a newly minted and determinative conception of risk: new because risk has here bee abstracted from the concrete universe of uncertainties and determinative because it constitutes the basis for the production and pricing of derivatives. The construction and bination of the elements constitute the molecular structure of what we call the culture of financial circulation. Though none of the three elements is itself new, their bination, redefinition, institutionalization and technological amplification are producing a fundamental shift in how the world economy works, characterized by the growing power and autonomy of the sphere of circulation. Financial derivatives are therefore important because they are ‘the functional form that speculative capital assumes’ in the marketplace (Saber1999: 1289)。 and because they are the structural form that circulates and globalizes risk. Speculative capital takes this form because derivatives unify in a single instrument the objectification of various types of risk, the almost unlimited leveraging of those amalgamated risks and the capacity to be used for hedging and speculation. The process of objectification is central because derivatives are not concrete, but socially imaginary objects that use the classifying powers of language to tie together sets of distinctive and separate relations. So objectification here denotes the process by which the contemporary financial munity, operating much like an orchestra without a conductor, concretizes a plex amalgamation of social, economic and political relations into a single recognizable object (derivative’s contract) that then appears to be independent of these relations because these relations are not part of the manifest appearance of the object or instrument. The derivative appears to be simply a contract that permits buyers and sellers to speculate or hedge, though, as the analysis unfolds, it will bee clear that this is simply the appearance of a considerably more plex phenomenon. Resource： Edward LiPuma and Benjamin Lee． Economy and Society Volume 34 Number 3 August 2021．
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