【正文】 ning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, pared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the World Cup. It should be made clear that not everyone has a tool to record their sleep patterns。 in some of these nations, it39。s likely that only the richest people do. And people who select to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that39。s the case, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious (注重健康的) among us have such deep swings(明顯改變)in our sleep levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?（1）What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep? don39。t fall asleep until very late. don39。t sleep much on weekends. get less sleep on public holidays. sleep longer than people elsewhere.（2）The underlined word deprivation in the last paragraph but one means_______. （3）Why do some rich people use a tool to record their sleep patterns? want to get more sleep. have trouble falling asleep. are involved in a sleep research. want to go to bed on regular hours.（4）What does the author imply in the last paragraph? is important to study our sleep patterns. people really know the importance of sleep. does harm to people39。s health. people probably sleep more than the rich.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，人們熬夜或早起的原因各不相同。從收集到的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)看，體育賽事、時(shí)間改變、假期等因素讓我們失去最多的睡眠。這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)令人震驚，然而卻幾乎沒(méi)人意識(shí)到睡眠對(duì)我們是多么的重要。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Russia39。s late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year39。s Eve, Russians have the world39。s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m.”在公共假日，俄羅斯人通常熬夜和早起。除夕之夜，俄羅斯人有了世界上最遲的就寢時(shí)間，大約凌晨3點(diǎn)30分睡覺(jué)?？芍?，俄羅斯人在公共假期睡的非常少。故選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the EnglandItaly match on June 14. Brits stayed up a halfhour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning”接著講述世界杯期間，英國(guó)人比平常晚睡半小時(shí)又比平常早起，可知由于世界杯賽時(shí)很多人的睡眠少了，即世界杯是造成英國(guó)人睡眠不足的主要原因?？赏浦猻tayed up a halfhour later to watch it,… woke up earlier than usual the next morning和loss關(guān)系。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“…. not everyone has a tool to record their sleep patterns。 in some of these nations, it39。s likely that only the richest people do. And people who select to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person.”不是每個(gè)人都有記錄睡眠模式的工具；在這些國(guó)家中，可能只有最富有的人才會(huì)這樣做。選擇跟蹤自己睡眠的人可能會(huì)試圖比普通人睡得更多?？芍恍└蝗耸褂霉ぞ邅?lái)記錄他們的睡眠模式就是為了比一般人睡的多點(diǎn)。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Even if that39。s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?”盡管如此，上述發(fā)現(xiàn)仍然令人震驚。如果我們當(dāng)中最有健康意識(shí)的人一年中的睡眠水平有如此劇烈的波動(dòng)，那么我們其余的人會(huì)失去多少睡眠呢？可推斷出，很少有人意識(shí)到睡眠的重要性，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Speaking of childrenwhat child doesn39。t like to jump around and act silly sometimes? Monkeys are also known for acting silly. So, when kids act up, parents or teachers may tell them to stop monkeying around. It means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time. Now, in the United States, children do not usually have monkeys as pets, but they do often have dogs. And dogs make most children feel happy. But for some reason, we use dog in a phrase that means to feel unwell. If you are as sick as a dog, you are really sick and will most likely stay home from work or school. Besides, dogs and cats are also favorite pets here in the States. This next phrase bines cats and secrets to make a very mon expression. Let39。s say you know a secret, a big secret. And let39。s say you tell it to people. You have just let the cat out of the bag! This idiom means revealing (揭示) a secret or telling facts that were previously (先前) unknown. If you let the cat out of the bag, you spoil a surprise. So, if your friend is planning a big surprise birthday for another friend, don39。t let the cat out of the bag by accidentally saying it in front of the birthday girl. Even though this is a very mon idiom, the origin of to let the cat out of the bag is also unknown. If you are doing an outdoor activitysuch as hiking in the woods, or having a piic in a parkwhat are some things that may disturb your good time? Bad weather could. And so could bugs! Crawling pests like ants, and flying ones like mosquitoes, could make your experience unfortable or annoying. So, when we bug people we bother them so much that we affect their good time. This mon expression is often said as a mand: Stop bugging me!（1）According to the passage, monkeying around is considered _______. （2）If you ask somebody to reveal a secret, you may use the phrase _______. bugging me sick as a dog around the cat out of the bag（3）What is the meaning of the phrase stop bugging me? 39。t trouble me. up your good time. feeling annoyed.39。t fort me.（4）What is the passage mainly about? names of animals in the English language. meaning of some English phrases. origins of phrases about animals. strange usages of some words.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了幾個(gè)有趣的帶有動(dòng)物名稱(chēng)的英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思，以及它們適用的情景。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Monkeys are also known for acting silly. So, when kids act up, parents or teachers may tell them to stop monkeying around. It means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time.”猴子也以愚蠢而聞名。因此，當(dāng)孩子們行動(dòng)起來(lái)時(shí)，父母或老師可能會(huì)告訴monkeying around。它意味著做一些沒(méi)用或不嚴(yán)肅的事情，或者只是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。可知，通常把孩子們胡鬧稱(chēng)為monkeying around，這種行為被認(rèn)為是silly的。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Let39。s say you know a secret, a big secret. And let39。s say you tell it to people. You have just let the cat out of the bag! This idiom means revealing (揭示) a secret or telling facts that were previously (先前) unknown.”(假設(shè)你知道一個(gè)秘密，一個(gè)大秘密。假設(shè)你把它告訴別人。你剛剛泄露了秘密!，可知let the cat out of the bag指的是透露一個(gè)秘密或者告訴別人以前未知的事實(shí)。如果你要求某人透露一個(gè)秘密，會(huì)用到這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)。故選D。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)最后一段中的“when we bug people we bother them so much that we affect their good time. This mon expression is often said as a mand: ‘Stop bugging me！’”當(dāng)我們打擾別人的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)打擾他們太多以至于影響了他們的好時(shí)光。這個(gè)常見(jiàn)的表達(dá)經(jīng)常被當(dāng)作命令來(lái)使用:“Stop bugging me !”可知當(dāng)我們打擾別人或影響別人時(shí)，別人會(huì)說(shuō)Stop bu